Drugs online research references
Toxicology. 1989 Aug;57(3):267-86.
Protective effect of flavonoids on drug-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro.
Davila JC, Lenherr A, Acosta D.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
Primary cell cultures of neonatal hepatocytes were used to examine the protective effect of flavonoids in the presence of hepatotoxins. Catechin (CAT) and silybin (SIL) protected the hepatocytes against cell injury produced by erythromycin estolate (EE), amitriptyline (AT), nortriptyline (NT), and tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBOOH). Leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as morphological parameters, were used as indices of hepatotoxicity. Hepatocytes were exposed to EE (1 X 10(-4) M and 2 X 10(-4) M), AT, NT, and TBOOH (1 X 10(-4) M and 1 X 10(-3) M) for a 2-h period. These hepatotoxins caused significant LDH, AST, and ALT leakage (P less than 0.05) when compared to untreated control groups. NT was less toxic than its parent compound, AT. Changes in morphology were evident after 1 h of treatment with the toxicants, including: vacuole formation, size deformation and cell necrosis. As the concentration of hepatotoxins was increased, the changes were more pronounced. Pretreatment of the cultures with either CAT or SIL resulted in less enzyme leakage and morphological alterations by the hepatotoxins. The results of this study suggest that CAT and SIL may act by stabilizing the plasma membrane against toxic insult.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2756528&dopt=Abstract
Psychosomatics. 1990 Summer;31(3):273-6.
Drug-drug interactions of fluoxetine with tricyclics.
von Ammon Cavanaugh S.
Department of Psychiatry, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612.
The drug-drug interactions with fluoxetine, a pure serotonergic reuptake blocker with a unique profile of side effects, have not been studied adequately. This preliminary report shows that desipramine and nortriptyline plasma levels are markedly increased at steady state (2 to 11 times) when coadministered with fluoxetine. This appears to be the result of the inhibition of the P450 enzyme system of the liver by fluoxetine, resulting in increased plasma levels of drugs metabolized by this system. Research must promptly address drug-drug interactions with fluoxetine since potentially all psychotropic drugs (except for lithium) and many medically indicated drugs could also have significant drug-drug interactions with fluoxetine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2388981&dopt=Abstract
Ann Clin Biochem. 1979 Jan;16(1):47-50.
A rapid and simple method for the quantification in human plasma of tricyclic antidepressant drugs taken in overdose.
Mitchell WD, Webb SF, Padmore GR.
A rapid and simple extraction procedure followed by gas chromatography using a nitrogen detector is described for the analysis of amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, and desipramine in 100 microliter plasma. No derivitisation of the drugs is required. Recoveries ranged from 93.7 to 104.6%. Within-batch precision and day-to-day variation showed coefficients of variation of less than 10% with the exception of desipramine, for which the day-to-day coefficient of variation was 15.2%. The method was developed to measure plasma concentrations in patients who had taken non-fatal and fatal overdoses of the drugs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=420504&dopt=Abstract
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