Drugs online research references
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1977 Jul-Aug;4(4):421-4.
The effect of tricyclic antidepressant drugs on the isolated perfused guinea-pig heart.
Dumovic P, Trethewie ER, Burrows GD.
1. The effects of tricyclic antidepressants were studied on the isolated perfused guinea-pig heart simultaneously recording myocardial contractile force and cardiac electrogram. 2. Tricyclic antidepressants in a concentration 4 X 10(-5) mol/1 decreased cardiac contractile force and increased cardiac conduction time. 3. Doxepin had significantly greater negative inotropic effect than nortriptyline, protriptyline, desipramine, amitriptyline and imipramine (P less than 0.01). 4. There was no significant difference in the increase in P-R interval (P less than 0.5) and QRS width (P greater than 0.95) between the tricyclic antidepressants. 5. The isolated perfused guinea-pig heart can be used as a toxicological model for testing and treating cardiac arrhythmias induced by tricyclic antidepressants.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=908182&dopt=Abstract
Arch Toxicol. 1976 Aug 18;35(4):255-62.
The effect of tricyclic antidepressant drugs on the heart.
Dumovic P, Burrows GD, Vohra J, Davies B, Scoggins BA.
The effects on the heart rate and ECG of anaesthetised guines-pigs of amitriptyline, doxepin, imipramine and nortiptyline infused at 1.0 mg/kg/min until death were observed. In addition an in vitro study on guinea-pig atria was performed on the chronotropic and inotropic effects of these drugs and of desmethylimipramine and protriptyline at a concentration of 10(-5) M. The effect of sodium bicarbonate (3 mEq/kg i.v.) and propranolol (0.01--0.2 mg/kg i.v.) on amitriptyline and doxepin induced ECG changes was also assessed. A difference in the cardiac effects of the in vivo and in vitro model was observed. Guinea-pigs infused with doxepin survived significantly longer than those infused with amitriptyline, imipramine or nortriptyline. No statistically significant difference was found between the tricyclic drugs with respect to onset of widening of the QRS complex, increased PR and QT intervals. In the spontaneously beating atrial preparation doxepin was the most potent cardio-depressant. Sodium bicarbonate had no effect on arrhythmias induced by tricyclics, while propranolol, apart from the bradycardia induced, was without beneficial effect on the ECG. The guinea-pig provides a good model for studying the arrhythmogenic actions of tricyclic antidepressants.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=989296&dopt=Abstract
Ther Drug Monit. 1992 Aug;14(4):339-42.
Interaction of tricyclic antidepressants with cholestyramine in vitro.
Bailey DN, Coffee JJ, Anderson B, Manoguerra AS.
Department of Pathology, University of California Medical Center, San Diego 92103-8320.
The adsorption of amitriptyline, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, and nortriptyline onto cholestyramine was demonstrated in vitro with use of 1.2 mol/L HCl at 37 degrees C to simulate gastric fluid. Binding to cholestyramine was approximately 80% for each of the tricyclic antidepressants, and this was about the same degree of binding noted with a nonpharmaceutical, non-ionic resin widely used in the diagnostic toxicology laboratory (Amberlite XAD-2). In contrast, five other non-antidepressants (acetaminophen, chlordiazepoxide, procainamide, quinidine, and theophylline) showed only minimal binding to cholestyramine under these conditions. Activated charcoal completely bound all drugs studied. These findings suggest that cholestyramine should be used with caution in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants. They also suggest that cholestyramine may be a potentially useful adjunctive therapy in treatment of overdose with the tricyclic antidepressants.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1519310&dopt=Abstract
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