Drugs online research references
Br J Pharmacol. 2000 Jan;129(1):200-6.
Differential effects of the tricyclic antidepressant amoxapine on glycine uptake mediated by the recombinant GLYT1 and GLYT2 glycine transporters.
Nunez E, Lopez-Corcuera B, Vazquez J, Gimenez C, Aragon C.
Departamento de Biologia Molecular.Centro de Biologia Molecular 'Severo Ochoa'. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
We examined the effects of nine different tricyclic antidepressant drugs on the glycine uptake mediated by the glycine transporter 1b (GLYT1b) and glycine transporter 2a (GLYT2a) stably expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Desipramine, imipramine, clomipramine, nomifensine and mianserin had no effect on the activity of the glycine transporters. Doxepin, amitriptyline and nortriptyline inhibited the two transporter subtypes to a similar extent. Amoxapine displayed a selective inhibition of GLYT2a behaving as a 10 fold more efficient inhibitor of this isoform than of GLYT1b. Kinetic analysis of the initial rates of glycine uptake by GLYT2a as a function of either glycine, chloride or sodium concentration, in the absence and presence of amoxapine indicated that amoxapine behaved as a competitive inhibitor of both glycine and chloride and a mixed-type inhibitor with respect to sodium. A kinetic model was developed which explains adequately these data, and gives information about the order of binding of sodium and chloride ions to GLYT2a. Our results may contribute to the development of the glycine transporter pharmacology. Additionally, the inhibition of the glycine uptake by GLYT2 is suggested to have some role in the sedative and psychomotor side effects of amoxapine. British Journal of Pharmacology (2000) 129, 200 - 206
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10694221&dopt=Abstract
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Feb;182(2):296-9.
Effect of fluoxetine on contractile activity of pregnant rat uterine rings.
Vedernikov Y, Bolanos S, Bytautiene E, Fulep E, Saade GR, Garfield RE.
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1062, USA.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the effects of fluoxetine, imipramine, and nortriptyline on spontaneous and serotonin-activated contractile activity of the uterine rings from midterm and term pregnant rats. STUDY DESIGN: Uterine rings from timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats on day 14 (midgestation) and day 22 (term gestation) were used for isometric tension recording. Responses to cumulative concentrations of fluoxetine, imipramine, nortriptyline, and serotonin in the absence and presence of the monoamine reuptake inhibitors were studied. RESULTS: Neither of the monoamine reuptake inhibitors significantly influenced spontaneous contractile activity, whereas the concentration-dependent increase in activity induced by serotonin was inhibited in rings from both midterm and term pregnant rats. CONCLUSIONS: The reported increase in preterm delivery in women receiving fluoxetine during the third trimester cannot be explained by a direct effect on uterine contractility.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10694327&dopt=Abstract
itsa.ucsf.edu
OBJECTIVE: Case studies suggest cigarette abstinence may precipitate a major depressive episode. This study examined the incidence and predictors of major depression in the 12 months after treatment for smoking cessation. METHOD: Participants (N=304, 172 women) were recruited from two trials of smoking cessation. Both trials provided psychological group intervention, but one group received treatment with nicotine gum and the other was given nortriptyline or placebo. The incidence of major depressive episodes was identified by the Inventory to Diagnose Depression, which was administered at follow-up assessments. RESULTS: The 12-month incidence of major depression after treatment for smoking cessation was 14.1% (N=43). Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that history of depression, baseline Beck Depression Inventory score, college education, and age at smoking initiation were significant predictors of major depression after treatment. Abstinence at the end of treatment did not significantly predict major depression. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who achieved abstinence from smoking showed a risk of developing depressive episodes similar to those who failed to achieve abstinence. As expected, patients who had a history of depression were more likely to experience depressive episodes after treatment for smoking cessation. The 12-month incidence of major depression in this study group was higher than that observed in the general population, but reasons for the elevation were not clear.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10698811&dopt=Abstract
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