Drugs online research references
J Pharm Sci. 1976 OCT;65(10):1535-6.
Comparison of observed and predicted first-pass metabolism of nortriptyline in humans.
Niazi S.
The extent of first-pass metabolism of nortriptyline, calculated by comparing the areas under the plasma concentration-time curves following intravenous and oral dosing in six individuals, varied from 41 to 54%. Theoretically predicted values ranged from 41 to 61% based on a plasma flow model, indicating that the clearance takes place mainly from the plasma, which does not represent the whole blood concentration.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=978417&dopt=Abstract
Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1980 Mar;26(1):13-25.
[Clinical, biochemical and psychopharmacologic correlates in patients with depressive symptomatology]
[Article in Spanish]
Martin JL, Spatz H, Abdala NE, Basombrio J.
A population of 41 clinic outpatients suffering depressive symptomatology was studied. According to the presence or absense of sixteen specific symptoms it was possible to distribute these patients in three different groups. Simultaneously urinary determinations of phenethylamine (PEA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylglicol (MHPG), phenylacetic acid, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid and serum 5-hydroxytriptamine were performed. A clossed clinical-biochemical correlation was noted in each group in relation to PEA and MHPG daily output. The other determinated values were not significant. Besides the clinical data, the mentioned groups presented the following characteristic output data: group A: decreased PEA and MHPG levels, group B, decreased PEA and normal MHPG levels and group C: normal values of the two substances. Five tricyclic antidepressant drugs were tested in the three groups. It was shown that patients with low pretreatment urinary output values of PEA and MHPG responded favourably to imipramine, desipramine and nortriptyline, alone or in association. On the other side, the group B responded favourably to chlorimipramine and amitriptiline, alone or in combination. No change or clinically worse were observed in patients of these groups when medication was not administrated according to the described form. The group with normal PEA and MHPG output values worsened or did not respond to medication following administration of any of the antidepressants essayed. Only psychotherapeutic treatment in combination with ansiolitics let to an improvement of symptomatology. At least, our findings suggest a closed clinical-biochemical-psychopharmacological correlate of some classes of depression that may provide rational basis for a more predictive tricyclic antidepressant therapy.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6182756&dopt=Abstract
Nervenarzt. 1995 Sep;66(9):678-85.
[Effects of psychopharmacologic therapy on heart rate variation]
[Article in German]
Rechlin T.
Psychiatrische Klinik, Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg.
Twenty patients suffering from schizophrenia and 36 patients suffering from endogenous depression underwent a standardized heart rate analysis before drug therapy. The patient's parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), which are controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system and which are independent of heart rate, did not significantly differ from the HRV parameters of normal control subjects. Ten of the patients with schizophrenia were treated with 200-400 mg of clozapine/day as monotherapy, while the other ten patients received a combination of different psychotropic drugs. The depressed patients were either treated with 150 mg of amitriptyline/d (n = 24) or 20 mg of paroxetine/d (n = 12) as monotherapy, respectively. After treatment with an average of 300 mg of clozapine/d for 4 weeks or with 150 mg of amitriptyline/day for 2 weeks, all of the patients HRV parameters had significantly decreased (P < 0.001). At this time, about 90% of these patients fulfilled the criteria of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. However, treatment with 20 mg of paroxetine/day for 2 weeks had no impact on any of the heart rate parameters. Under amitriptyline treatment, HRV parameters were found to correlate significantly with the plasma levels of amitriptyline/nortriptyline in a group of 104 depressed patients. Thus, determination of decreased HRV parameters is suggested to be a useful tool for the detection of overdosage with amitriptyline. It has not yet been elucidated whether or not the observed HRV decrease, which is probably at least in part due to the anticholinergic side effects of clozapine and amitriptyline, has any impact on patient health.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7477605&dopt=Abstract
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