Drugs online research references
Am J Physiol. 1990 Oct;259(4 Pt 2):F598-604.
Effects of nifedipine and enalapril on glomerular injury in rats with deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension.
Dworkin LD, Levin RI, Benstein JA, Parker M, Ullian ME, Kim Y, Feiner HD.
Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.
Male Munich-Wistar rats underwent right nephrectomy and were given weekly injections of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and 1% saline (salt) to drink. Two studies were performed. In the first, rats given enalapril (ENP) were compared with controls. In the second, rats ingested either standard chow or chow to which the calcium-entry blocker nifedipine (NIF) had been added. Six to eight weeks after nephrectomy, both control DOCA-salt rats and those given ENP had severe hypertension and significant proteinuria. Rats given NIF excreted less protein, and glomerular lesions were not observed in this group. The effects of NIF on several parameters that have been associated with glomerular injury were examined. Micropuncture studies revealed that glomerular capillary pressure was increased in DOCA-salt rats and was not reduced by NIF. Platelet aggregation was also similar in NIF-treated and control rats. Morphometric studies revealed a tendency toward lower glomerular volume of NIF-treated rats; however, kidney weight and glomerular capillary radius were unaffected by therapy. Thus NIF, but not ENP, prevents DOCA-salt rats from developing hypertension and glomerular injury. This effect does not depend on reduction in glomerular pressure or inhibition of platelet aggregation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2221099&dopt=Abstract
Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 1994 Apr;31(4):285-92.
[Effect of nifedipine and enalapril on cardiac autonomic activity in elderly hypertensive patients]
[Article in Japanese]
Okabayashi J, Matsubayashi K, Sato T, Ozawa T.
Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School.
To clarify the effect of the calcium antagonist Nifedipine and the ACE inhibitor Enalapril on cardiac autonomic activity, power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (PSA) was conducted in 39 elderly patients with essential hypertension (mean age: 63: +/- 11 years) before and after treatment. Twenty patients were treated with 10-20 mg of Nifedipine (N group) and 19 with 5 mg of Enalapril (E group) for 3 months. beta-blocker (Atenolol 12.5 mg) was added to Nifedipine in 12 patients of the N group for 1 month, and the modified effect of Atenolol on cardiac autonomic activity was also evaluated. Blood pressures were significantly reduced in both N and E groups after the treatment. The low frequency component (LF) in PSA, which was considered to be a quantitative marker of cardiac sympathetic activity, increased significantly and the high frequency component (HF), which was a marker of cardiac parasympathetic activity, significantly decreased with increase of PNA levels in N group after the treatment. However, the LF decreased significantly after addition of Atenolol. On the other hand, there was little significant change in LF and PNA in E group. These results suggest that Nifedipine increased cardiac sympathetic activity and that Enalapril had little influence on the cardiac sympathetic tone, while both antihypertensive agents significantly reduced blood pressure itself.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8041023&dopt=Abstract
Z Kardiol. 1985 Oct;74(10):611-7.
[Induced platelet aggregation in patients with coronary heart disease as well as trained and untrained control persons]
[Article in German]
Lehmann M, Hasler K, Hasenfuss G, Holubarsch C, Staiger A, Kasper W, Keul J.
Induced in vitro platelet aggregation (adrenaline and collagen) and serum lipid levels were investigated in 21 postinfarction patients, in 11 of these patients subsequent to therapy with 46 +/- 14 mg nifedipine per os daily for one week and in 21 untrained, 16 endurance-trained, and 17 non-endurance-trained healthy male control subjects. Plasma catecholamine levels at rest (patients) and oxygen uptake capacity (control subjects) were determined in subgroups. Mean platelet aggregation was increased in patients (p less than 0.05) and was decreased both in endurance-trained subjects (p less than 0.05) and in the group of 11 patients subsequent to therapy with nifedipine (p less than 0.01), but platelet aggregation was slightly higher in non-endurance-trained individuals. Adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation correlated positively with collagen-induced aggregation (r = 0.72), with LDL-cholesterol fraction (r = 0.51) and negatively with oxygen uptake capacity (r = -0.49). Patients with increased LDL-cholesterol levels also showed increased plasma catecholamine levels (r = 0.49 and r = 0.43). Low aerobic capacity (oxygen uptake capacity), high LDL-cholesterol levels and plasma catecholamine concentrations indicate an increased induced platelet sensitivity in vitro.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4072333&dopt=Abstract
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