Drugs online research references
J Neurosci Res. 1989 Feb;22(2):167-71.
Stimulus-coupled taurine efflux from cerebellar neuronal cultures: on the roles of Ca++ and Na+.
Philibert RA, Rogers KL, Dutton GR.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Primary cultures of cerebellar neurons obtained from 7-9-day-old rats and grown 7-9 days in vitro (DIV) were used to study the effects of Na+ and Ca++ on K+-evoked taurine release. These cultures, made up largely of granule neurons (90%) and inhibitory interneurons (5-7%), produced a dose-dependent, depolarization-evoked taurine release that was Ca++-dependent at 40 mM K+, and Ca++-independent at K+ concentrations above 40 mM. The dihydropyridine Ca++ channel agonist BAY K 8644 (1 microM) augmented 30 mM K+-evoked release, while the antagonist nifedipine (5 microM) abolished both the BAY K 8644- and K+-enhanced release. Depolarization with the Na+ channel agonist veratridine (50 microM) stimulated taurine efflux, which was completely blocked by pretreatment with tetrodotoxin (2 microM). However, 50 mM K+-evoked taurine release was not affected by tetrodotoxin pretreatment. Substitution of choline Cl for NaCl partially antagonized 50 mM K+-evoked release, and by itself, the Na+ ionophore monensin (50 microM) stimulated release. These results suggest that both K+-evoked and basal taurine release from primary cerebellar neuronal cultures are sensitive to the levels of both intracellular and extracellular Na+ and Ca++. In contrast to previous findings using cerebellar astrocytes, neuronal L-type Ca++ channels, but not voltage-dependent Na+ channels, also appear to be necessary. The implications of these results on taurine's status as a putative neurotransmitter are discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2468785&dopt=Abstract
G Ital Cardiol. 1980;10(4):431-9.
[Action of nifedipine on effort tolerance and on the left ventricular function during exercise in patients suffering from angina pectoris (author's transl)]
[Article in Italian]
Valenti P.
The therapeutic action of Nifedipine (Ni) and some of its haemodynamic effects have been studied in 24 male patients suffering from chronic, severe angina pectoris (Class II and III according to the NYHA) by means of right heart catheterization and repeated quantitative bicycle ergometer exercise test before and after 10 mg. Ni given orally. After Ni, the total work performance until exercise-induced angina occurred increased from 14.16 +/- 6.8 to 24 +/- 12.8 Kilojoules (+ 85.6%, p < 0.001), while the exercising pulmonary artery wedge pressure decreased from the initial control level of 28.5 +/- 6.7 to 17.86 +/- 4.3 mmHg (p < 0.001), indicating a probably equivalent drop in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and hence a clearly improved left ventricular function. The drug produced only a 3.2%, not significant rise in the exercising heart rate and a moderate fall in the exercising humeral artery systolic (-8.6 mmHg, p < 0.001), diastolic (-7.8 mmHg N.S.) and mean (-10, 1 mmHg N.S.) pressures. Most patients considered the second exercise test after Ni as less tiresome, and no relevant side-effects occurred. The mechanisms of this very evident antianginal action of Ni are discussed and it is concluded that this beneficial effect probably occurs by the way of a reduced left ventricular afterload and probably also of an increased or otherwise more efficient oxygen supply to the heart, whereas a depressing action of the myocardial contractility seems excluded.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7439584&dopt=Abstract
Therapie. 2000 May-Jun;55(3):379-82.
[Diuretic and hypotensive effects of Nigella sativa in the spontaneously hypertensive rat]
[Article in French]
Zaoui A, Cherrah Y, Lacaille-Dubois MA, Settaf A, Amarouch H, Hassar M.
Universite Hassan II, Faculte des Sciences, Departement de Biologie, Maarif, Casablanca, Maroc.
Nigella sativa (ranunculaceae) is used in Arab folk medicine as a diuretic and hypotensive plant. We report here the diuretic and hypotensive effects of dichloromethane extract of Nigella sativa seeds in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). An oral dose of Nigella sativa extract (0.6 ml/kg/day) and furosemide (5 mg/kg/day) increased significantly the diuresis by 16 and 30 per cent respectively after 15 days of treatment; urinary excretion of Cl-, Na+, K+ and urea is also increased. Simultaneously, the mean arterial pressure decreased respectively by 22 and 18 per cent in the Nigella sativa treated rat and nifedipine treated rat (0.5 mg/kg/day). In conclusion, the diuretic activity observed in the SHR rat treated with Nigella sativa seeds may be partially responsible for its diuretic action; it seems that other pathways may also be involved in their cardiovascular effects.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10967716&dopt=Abstract
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