Drugs online research references
Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1987;10(6):449-53.
Verapamil and nifedipine effect on K+-induced contractions of guinea pig ileum during postnatal development.
Carvajal A, Franganillo AM, Alvarez FJ.
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Spain.
The effects of verapamil and nifedipine on K+-induced contractions were studied in the isolated ileum of newborn, 30-day-old and adult guinea pigs. Both verapamil and nifedipine inhibited the K+-induced contractions, with nifedipine demonstrating the highest activity. The tonic component of the K+ response was more affected by the calcium antagonists than the phasic component. No changes in sensitivity to verapamil and nifedipine were recorded during the first month of postnatal development, thus suggesting that the function of calcium channels involved in the response to K+ does not change during this period.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3677972&dopt=Abstract
Ann Thorac Surg. 1986 Jun;41(6):622-9.
The electrophysiological effects of calcium channel blockade during standard hyperkalemic hypothermic cardioplegic arrest.
Ferguson TB Jr, Damiano RJ, Smith PK, Buhrman WC, Cox JL.
The addition of calcium channel-blocking agents to a standard hyperkalemic hypothermic cardioplegic solution has been examined both experimentally and clinically. None of these studies, however, have investigated the effect of calcium blockade during cardioplegic arrest on the specialized cardiac conduction tissues and on the subsequent development of arrhythmias after arrest. The present study examined the effect of adding nifedipine to standard cardioplegic solution administered in a canine experimental preparation modeled on routine clinical techniques. The time to and duration of electrical arrest following the administration of cardioplegia and the functional electrophysiological variables before and after arrest were measured using a 32-channel data acquisition system. The addition of nifedipine shortened the time to electrical arrest and prolonged the duration of arrest compared with standard potassium cardioplegic solution alone, without a deleterious effect on conduction function immediately after arrest. The occurrence of low-amplitude electrical activity (LEA) in both atria and ventricles during arrest was significantly reduced by the addition of nifedipine, thereby suggesting a possible correlation between LEA and calcium-mediated conduction occurring under conditions of standard cardioplegic arrest.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3718039&dopt=Abstract
Am Heart J. 1985 Mar;109(3 Pt 1):478-85.
Clinical and hemodynamic effects of combined propranolol and nifedipine therapy versus propranolol alone in patients with angina pectoris.
Braun S, Terdiman R, Berenfeld D, Laniado S.
To determine the comparative effectiveness and hemodynamic effects of long-term oral treatment with propranolol alone and combined with nifedipine in patients with stable angina pectoris, 20 patients with coronary disease were studied by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. Measurements were performed at rest and during supine bicycle exercise before treatment, after 4 weeks on propranolol, 1 hour after institution of combined propranolol and nifedipine treatment, and after 4 weeks on the combined treatment. The reduction in exercise rate-pressure product induced by the combination (17.2 +/- 2.6 X 10(3)) was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) than that attained by propranolol alone (19.3 +/- 2.8 X 10(3)). In patients at rest, neither propranolol nor the combined therapy altered global left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). Without drugs and on propranolol, exercise EF decreased significantly. On the combined therapy there was a significant improvement in exercise EF compared both with rest values (p less than 0.01) and with exercise EF on propranolol (p less than 0.001). Exercise tolerance, expressed as total work load, significantly increased on propranolol and further increased on combined therapy. Thus the combined propranolol/nifedipine therapy in patients with stable angina proved to be hemodynamically superior to therapy with propranolol alone and safe even in patients with moderately depressed LV function.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3976473&dopt=Abstract
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