Drugs online research references
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2001 Aug;132(2):802-6.
Diagnostic methods for detecting forms and strains of Helicobacter pylori and evaluation of its eradication.
Loginov AS, Reshetnyak VI, Dudik TV, Vostroknutova GN, Il'chenko AA, Kaprel'yants AS.
Central Institute of Gastroenterology, Moscow.
Diagnostic methods for detecting forms and strains of Helicobacter pylori isolated from biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa in 28 patients with duodenal ulcers and evaluation of its eradication were compared. Biopsy specimens from all patients were tested for the presence of H. pylori by the urease test, histological method, and PCR with species-specific primers before and after treatment. H. pylori infection was detected in all patients before treatment, the mean titer of serum IgG being 36.7+/-16.6 U/ml. Biopsy specimens positive for H. pylori in PCR were subjected to restriction analysis of specific PCR-amplified genes or their fragments. The fingerprint analysis gave electrophoregrams of restriction products amplified fragment of flaA gene of H. pylori in 7 patients. Differences in restriction maps indicate the presence of 5 H. pylori strains in the studied samples.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11713571&dopt=Abstract
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Dig Dis Sci. 2001 Nov;46(11):2445-50.
Clarithromycin resistance, but not CYP2C-19 polymorphism, has a major impact on treatment success in 7-day treatment regimen for cure of H. pylori infection: a multiple logistic regression analysis.
Miwa H, Misawa H, Yamada T, Nagahara A, Ohtaka K, Sato N.
Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Mutations in the gene encoding the CYP2C-19 enzyme for PPI metabolism have been shown to enhance the chance for a cure in a H. pylori-positive patients using a two-week dual-therapy regimen involving omeprazole and amoxicillin. However, the impact of CYP2C-19 genetic polymorphism on eradication rates of a one-week triple-therapy regimen has not been examined. In this cohort study, 156 H. pylori-positive peptic ulcer or NUD patients who presented to our university hospital were recruited. They were treated by one-week omeprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin therapy. Host and bacterial predictive factors including H. pylori susceptibility and CYP2C-19 genotyping, as well as cure rate for H. pylori infection, were studied. Cure rate was 85.9% (95% CI: 79-91%) on an intent to treat (ITT) basis. By multiple logistic regression analysis, only clarithromycin resistance had a significant impact on treatment success (odds ratio 28.7: 95% CI: 6-172). CYP2C-19 genetic polymorphism was not associated with a significant change in cure rate. These observations indicate only clarithromycin susceptibility, not CYP2C-19 polymorphism, has a major impact on the treatment success when using a seven-day OAC H. pylori treatment regimen.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11713950&dopt=Abstract
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Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001 Nov;70(5):455-61.
Assessment of cytochrome P450 activity by a five-drug cocktail approach.
Zhu B, Ou-Yang DS, Chen XP, Huang SL, Tan ZR, He N, Zhou HH.
Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to establish and validate a modified cocktail approach including probe drugs caffeine, chlorzoxazone, mephenytoin, metoprolol, and midazolam for simultaneous phenotyping of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A. METHODS: The study was conducted in 14 healthy, nonsmoking male volunteers with a cocktail of 5 drugs consisting of 100 mg caffeine, 200 mg chlorzoxazone, 100 mg mephenytoin, 100 mg metoprolol, and 7.5 mg midazolam in a randomized manner with a 7 x 7 Latin square design. Plasma was obtained at 1, 4, and 6 hours, and urine was collected from 0 to 8 hours after oral drug administration. RESULTS: The phenotypic indexes determined for caffeine, chlorzoxazone, mephenytoin, metoprolol, and midazolam were not significantly different when the drugs were given in different combinations. There were no metabolic interactions or analytic interference of these probe drugs. CONCLUSIONS: This cocktail approach can simultaneously provide independent in vivo phenotypic measures for the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11719732&dopt=Abstract
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