Drugs online research references
zedat.fu-berlin.de
The soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is one of the simplest animals having the status of a laboratory model. Its genome contains 80 cytochrome P450 genes (CYP). In order to study CYP gene expression in C. elegans mixed stages and synchronized hermaphrodites were exposed to 18 known xenobiotic cytochrome P450 inducers. Messenger RNA expression was detected by DNA arrays and semiquantitative RT-PCR. Using subfamily-specific primers, a pooled set of exon-rich CYP fragments could be amplified. In this way it was possible to systematically check the influence of different inducers on CYP expression at the same time. The well-known CYP1A inducers beta-naphthoflavone, PCB52, and lansoprazol were the most active and in particular they strongly induced almost all CYP35 isoforms. A few number of further CYP forms were found to be inducible by other xenobiotics like phenobarbital, atrazine, and clofibrate. In addition, a transgenic C. elegans line expressing GFP under control of the CYP35A2 promoter showed a strong induction of the fusion by beta-naphthoflavone in the intestine. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11697852&dopt=Abstract
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superonline.com
Somatostatin plays a role in the regulation of gastric acid secretion. Omeprazole, a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, has been reported to cause either a significant decrease or increase in the formation of gastric somatostatin-producing cells. Therefore, we determined in the present study distribution patterns of somatostatin mRNA and protein in fundus mucosa of rats after long-term inhibition of gastric acid secretion. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given 0, 20 and 100 mg/kg/day omeprazole, respectively, as gastric instillations during 2 months. Serum gastrin levels were significantly higher in the third group than in the other groups. The omeprazole-treated groups also showed an increase in the number of somatostatin-containing cells in fundus mucosa. Moreover, the intensity of somatostatin-positivity was higher in the treated groups than in the control group. We also observed an increase in the number of cells containing somatostatin mRNA in fundus mucosa of omeprazole-treated rats. These results suggest that long-term inhibition of acid secretion does not inhibit but stimulate somatostatin production in mucosa of rat gastric fundus.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11700946&dopt=Abstract
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po.rd.taisho.co.jp
Triple therapy consisting of clarithromycin (CLR), lansoprazole (LPZ), and amoxicillin (AMZ) is effective as eradication therapy for patients with peptic ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori infection. We evaluated the effects of LPZ and AMZ on the uptake of [(14)C]CLR into the gastric tissue of rats. After administration of [(14)C]CLR alone or in combination with LPZ and AMZ, the distributions of [(14)C]CLR in the main organs and gastrointestinal tissues were compared. LPZ and AMZ had no effect on the distribution of [(14)C]CLR in any tissue except gastric tissue. The concentration of radioactivity in gastric tissue was several times higher when [(14)C]CLR was administered orally together with LPZ than when it was administered alone. The gastric emptying of [(14)C]CLR became smaller in the case of the coadministration of LPZ. AMZ had no apparent influence on the disposition of [(14)C]CLR. After the intravenous administration of [(14)C]CLR, no effects of drug coadministration were evident. In vitro uptake of [(14)C]CLR into gastric tissue was enhanced in the case of a high-pH environment. The uptake was not influenced by the concurrent presence of LPZ and AMZ. These results suggest that the penetration of [(14)C]CLR possibly depends on elevated gastric pH, as gastric acid secretion was inhibited by LPZ, and this may be a primary factor in explaining why the concentration of [(14)C]CLR at the target site, gastric tissue, was enhanced by the coadministration of LPZ.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11709323&dopt=Abstract
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