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J Infect Dis. 1995 Jul;172(1):277-81.
Incidence of antibiotic resistance in Listeria species.

Charpentier E, Gerbaud G, Jacquet C, Rocourt J, Courvalin P.

Unite des Agents Antibacteriens, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

To define the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Listeria species pathogenic for humans and animals, 1100 isolates (60 from cases of listeriosis and 1040 from food and environment) collected worldwide were screened. Of the 61 tetracycline- and minocycline-resistant strains (37 Listeria monocytogenes), 57 harbored tet(M); 4 non-L. monocytogenes isolates contained tet(S). One Listeria innocua isolate was also resistant to streptomycin and contained the tet(M) and aad6 genes. An L. monocytogenes isolate was trimethoprim-resistant, a characteristic not reported previously in Listeria species, because of the presence of a yet-uncharacterized gene. Three clinical isolates of L. monocytogenes were resistant to low levels of streptomycin. Since the tet(M), tet(S), and aad6 genes are common in enterococci and streptococci, these data suggest transfer from the latter to Listeria species. Uniform susceptibility to tetracycline, minocycline, trimethoprim, and streptomycin cannot be assumed any longer for Listeria species.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7797931&dopt=Abstract




Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1993 Oct;12(10):784-6.
In vitro activity of DMG-Mino and DMG-DM Dot, two new glycylcyclines, against anaerobic bacteria.

Nord CE, Lindmark A, Persson I.

Department of Microbiology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.

The in vitro activity of DMG-Mino and DMG-DM Dot against 350 anaerobic bacterial strains including anaerobic cocci, Propionibacterium acnes, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides fragilis, other Bacteroides species and fusobacteria was determined by the agar dilution method. Their activity was compared with that of minocycline, doxycycline, piperacillin, cefoxitin, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole. DMG-Mino and DMG-DM Dot and imipenem were the most active agents tested. DMG-Mino and DMG-DM Dot had in vitro activity superior to that of minocycline and doxycycline.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7802861&dopt=Abstract




Jpn J Antibiot. 1994 Oct;47(10):1348-62.
[In vitro synergistic effects of tazobactam/piperacillin with various antibiotics]

[Article in Japanese]

Nishida K, Niidome K, Hashimoto M, Otsuki M, Nishino T.

Department of Microbiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University.

We investigated in vitro synergistic effects of tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC), a combination drug of tazobactam (TAZ) and piperacillin (PIPC) in the ratio of 1:4, with several other antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Synergistic effects of TAZ/PIPC with each of tobramycin (TOB), netilmicin (NTL), fosfomycin (FOM), ciprofloxacin, minocycline or cefoperazone were observed against all bacteria tested in the checkerboard dilution method. No antagonistic effect was observed in combination of TAZ/PIPC with other antibiotics. Against P. aeruginosa, a combination of TAZ/PIPC with NTL was the most effective, with an average fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of 0.459. And a combination of TAZ/PIPC with FOM was the most the effective against S. marcescens and MRSA. TAZ/PIPC combined with TOB or FOM showed bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa No. 11, S. marcescens No. 39 and S. aureus O-62 at concentrations of the drugs that showed only bacteriostatic activity individually. Phase-contrast micrographic observations of P. aeruginosa No. 11 and S. marcescens No. 39 demonstrated that the bacterial cells treated with TAZ/PIPC were in filamentous forms and those treated with TOB or FOM were nearly normal. The combination of TAZ/PIPC with TOB or FOM induced filamentous cells with spheroplast-like structures and lysis. Those results suggest that the combination of TAZ/PIPC with aminoglycosides or FOM were useful in the treatment of infections by P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens and MRSA, especially those caused by beta-lactamase-producing strains.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7807695&dopt=Abstract












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