Drugs online research references
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1994 Dec;34(6):875-83.
In-vitro and in-vivo activity of a new quinolone AM-1155 against Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Ishida K, Kaku M, Irifune K, Mizukane R, Takemura H, Yoshida R, Tanaka H, Usui T, Tomono K, Suyama N, et al.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
We investigated the in-vitro and in-vivo activity of a new quinolone AM-1155 against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and compared it with ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, erythromycin and minocycline. AM-1155 was the most potent agent in vitro of the quinolones tested. Its pre-treatment minimal inhibitory concentrations for 90% of the 41 strains (MIC90) was 0.06 mg/L. In contrast, pre-treatment MIC90 values for ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, erythromycin, and minocycline were 1, 1, 2, 0.5, 0.0156, and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. Post-treatments MIC90s, which may reflect mycoplasmacidal potency, of AM-1155, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, erythromycin and minocycline were 0.125, 1, 2, 4, 0.5, 0.125 and 4 mg/L, respectively. In-vitro activities of antimicrobial agents were assessed in an experimental pulmonary infection model in Syrian golden hamsters. AM-1155 was the most effective agent among five antimicrobial agents (AM-1155, ofloxacin, tosufloxacin, erythromycin, minocycline) tested in terms of reduction in viable M. pneumoniae cells and in reducing macroscopic lung lesions. These results suggest that AM-1155 will be a useful antimicrobial agent for the treatment of M. pneumoniae infections.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7730231&dopt=Abstract
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Apr;52(4):325-7.
Eradication of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi from patients' blood by chemotherapy, as assessed by the polymerase chain reaction.
Murai K, Okayama A, Horinouchi H, Oshikawa T, Tachibana N, Tsubouchi H.
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Medical School, Japan.
The presence of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of eight patients with tsutsugamushi disease was determined by the polymerase chain reaction during antibiotic treatment with minocycline or doxycycline. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi DNA was detectable in all samples from these patients collected the day before treatment began. After the initiation of chemotherapy, all samples tested positive on the third or fourth day, and one sample tested positive on the eighth day, showing a slow action of the drugs against the rickettsia within cells. Immune responses against R. tsutsugamushi also seemed to be important for eradication of the pathogens, as suggested by patients' high antibody titers.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7741170&dopt=Abstract
Br J Vener Dis. 1978 Oct;54(5):309-15.
In-vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Brussels.
Vanhoof R, Vanderlinden MP, Hubrechts JM, Butzler JP, Yourassowsky E.
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 18 antimicrobial agents against 104 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in the Brussels area between January and October 1976 have been measured. The MICs for penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxycillin, carbenicillin, and cephalexin showed a bimodal distribution. The second modus strains of cephalexin (MIC = 6.25 microgram/ml) were relatively resistant to penicillin G (MIC greater than or equal to 0.08 microgram/ml). About 51% of all strains were relatively resistant to penicillin G, 40.5% to ampicillin (MIC greater than or equal to 0.16 microgram/ml), 46% to amoxycillin, and 47.5% to carbenicillin. For cephalexin and cephaloridine, 25% and 8.5% respectively of all strains were relatively resistant (MIC greater than 3.12 microgram/ml). For cefazolin all MICs fell into a range of 0.097--3.12 microgram/ml. Resistance to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin, and spiramycin (MIC greater than or equal to 1 microgram/ml) was found in 9.5%, 7%, 6%, 36.5%, and 71% respectively of all isolates. No strains were resistant to rifampicin. For chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol the MICs ranged from 0.39 to 12.5 microgram/ml and from 0.195 to 3.12 microgram/ml respectively. The results for sulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and the combination of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim in a 20:1 ratio are given and discussed. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices have also been calculated. No beta-lactamase-producing strains were found, and a contingency coefficient C has been determined for all the pairs of antibiotics investigated.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=101275&dopt=Abstract
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