Drugs online research references
Chest. 1993 Jun;103(6):1706-9.
Clinical features of Pseudomonas cepacia pneumonia in an epidemic among immunocompromised patients.
Yamagishi Y, Fujita J, Takigawa K, Negayama K, Nakazawa T, Takahara J.
First Department of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical School, Japan.
Between January 1990 and August 1991, there were 37 patients admitted to our Department of Internal Medicine with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors who showed colonization of the respiratory tract with Pseudomonas cepacia. Extensive surveillance cultures of the environmental surfaces and respiratory equipment of the hospital revealed that all nebulizing devices were contaminated with P cepacia. To characterize this outbreak, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 37 patients colonized with this organism. All had used nebulizers to deliver aerosols containing polymyxin B and amphotericin B as prophylaxis against infection. Sixteen of these 37 patients developed pneumonia, which was caused in 14 by P cepacia. The majority of the 14 patients showed lobular infiltrates on chest x-ray films. Cavity formation and pleural effusion were observed in 4 of the 14 (29 percent). All strains of P cepacia were resistant to piperacillin, cefotiam, sulbactam/cefoperazone, moxalactam (latamoxef), cefuzonam, amikacin, tobramycin, ofloxacin, imipenem, and carumonam. Ceftazidime was effective against 84.7 percent of the strains, while minocycline was effective against 63.5 percent of the strains. This appears to be the first report to describe the clinical features of an epidemic of nosocomial P cepacia pneumonia in immunocompromised patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7691480&dopt=Abstract
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Jan;39(1):241-4.
Survey of in vitro susceptibilities of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 to antimicrobial agents.
Yamamoto T, Nair GB, Albert MJ, Parodi CC, Takeda Y.
Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Vibrio cholerae O139 (173 strains) and O1 (221 strains) were tested for their in vitro susceptibilities to 39 antimicrobial agents. Both O139 and O1 strains were highly susceptible to azithromycin, cephems, minocycline, penems, and newer fluoroquinolones. O139 strains (94.8%), O1 Indian El Tor strains (97%), and Bangladeshi El Tor strains (50%) were highly resistant to streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim and moderately resistant to chloramphenicol and furazolidone, in sharp contrast to O1 Peruvian El Tor and O1 classical strains. Some Bangladeshi El Tor strains (43.3%) showed tetracycline resistance as well.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7695314&dopt=Abstract
Antibiot Khimioter. 1994 Sep-Oct;39(9-10):45-8.
[Effectiveness of treatment of experimental glanders after aerogenic infection]
[Article in Russian]
Iliukhin VI, Alekseev VV, Antonov IuV, Savchenko ST, Lozovaia NA.
The in vitro studies revealed a number of promising drugs including gentamicin, doxycycline and minocycline for the treatment of malleus. The malleus causative agent was found to be highly susceptible to sulfamonomethoxine and biseptol as well as to imipenem and ofloxacin. Cephalosporins were less active but in the therapeutic concentrations they inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas mallei. In the treatment of golden hamsters infected subcutaneously by P. mallei ofloxacin proved to be the most active drug, then followed biseptol, doxycycline and minocycline. None of the tested drugs cured the animals infected aerogenically by 160 LD50 of P. malleus. When the infective dose was lower (16 LD50) only doxycycline provided a 70-percent protection of the animals.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7695450&dopt=Abstract
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