Drugs online research references
Drug Ther Bull. 1994 Jun 16;32(6):43-4.
Antibiotic gels for periodontal disease.
[No authors listed]
Periodontal disease is a major cause of tooth loss. The underlying pathology is inflammation caused by bacterial plaque affecting the supporting structures of the teeth. Conventional treatment involves mechanical debridement of calcified plaque (calculus) by the dentist combined with meticulous oral hygiene by the patient. A more recent approach is to apply antimicrobial drugs locally to the diseased gingival tissue after debridement. Two antibiotic preparations, minocycline 2% gel (Dentomycin-Lederle) and metronidazole 25% gel (Elyzol-Dumex), are now licensed for the treatment of patients with periodontal disease. Are these treatments an advance on conventional therapy?
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7635031&dopt=Abstract
J Clin Microbiol. 1995 Jun;33(6):1528-33.
New Nocardia taxon among isolates of Nocardia brasiliensis associated with invasive disease.
Wallace RJ Jr, Brown BA, Blacklock Z, Ulrich R, Jost K, Brown JM, McNeil MM, Onyi G, Steingrube VA, Gibson J.
Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Center, Tyler 75710, USA.
Nocardia brasiliensis, the second most frequently isolated aerobic actinomycete in the clinical laboratory, is usually associated with localized cutaneous infections. However, 22% of 238 N. brasiliensis isolates from the United States and 12% of 66 isolates from Queensland, Australia, which had been collected over a 17-year period, were associated with extracutaneous and/or disseminated diseases. Of the 62 invasive isolates, 37 (60%) were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and/or were susceptible to clarithromycin and resistant to minocycline, compared with only 6 (3%) of 242 localized cutaneous isolates. The 43 isolates with this susceptibility pattern appeared to define a new taxon. They were similar to Nocardia asteroides complex isolates clinically in proportions from persons with pulmonary (70%), central nervous system (23%), and/or disseminated diseases (37%) in the setting of corticosteroids (74%) or AIDS (14%). This putative new taxon differed from N. brasiliensis in the hydrolysis of adenine (92 versus 4%), beta-lactamase patterns on isoelectric focusing, and the presence of two early mycolic acid-ester peaks by high-performance liquid chromatography. Restriction analysis of a 439-bp fragment of the 65-kDa heat shock protein gene revealed that N. brasiliensis and the new taxon had different restriction patterns with 8 of the 11 enzymes tested. Screening of invasive isolates of N. brasiliensis for susceptibility to ciprofloxacin will identify most isolates of the new taxon, which likely represents a new Nocardia species.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7650180&dopt=Abstract
Br J Dermatol. 1993 Aug;129(2):158-62.
Skin pigmentation due to minocycline treatment of facial dermatoses.
Dwyer CM, Cuddihy AM, Kerr RE, Chapman RS, Allam BF.
Department of Dermatology, Stobhill General Hospital, Glasgow, U.K.
Fifty-four patients taking minocycline for acne or rosacea were assessed for adverse effects. Their mean duration of treatment was 17 months, and their average cumulative dose was 47 g. No symptoms attributable to the therapy were reported. Biochemistry and haematology profiles were normal. There was no evidence of an adverse effect on thyroid function. Skin pigmentation was detected in eight patients (14.8%). Five patients had diffuse facial pigmentation, and three patients had localized pigmentation at the site of a scar or injury. Diffuse pigmentation occurred only in patients who had been on treatment for 3 years or more; 50% of such patients were affected. Age and solar damage may also have been factors in this type of pigmentation. Localized pigmentation occurred at sites of previous tissue damage, and was not directly related to the duration of therapy. Patients who receive long-term minocycline therapy should be regularly monitored for the development of pigmentation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7654575&dopt=Abstract
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