Drugs online research references
J Toxicol Sci. 1981 Nov;6(4):271-86.
Studies on nitrosamine formation by the interaction between drugs and nitrite. II. Hepatotoxicity by the simultaneous administration of several drugs and nitrite.
Kawanishi T, Ohno Y, Sunouchi M, Onoda K, Takahashi A, Kasuya Y, Omori Y.
The alterations of biochemical parameters, namely, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase in serum, hepatic microsomal drug oxidation systems, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lysozomal enzymes in hepatic soluble fraction were investigated for the purpose of semiquantitatively estimating the hepatotoxicity caused by the interaction of several drugs and sodium nitrite in rats. The simultaneous administration of aminopyrine and sodium nitrite induced the alterations of these parameters. However, these alterations were not induced by the administration of antipyrine and sodium nitrite. Therefore the alterations were thought to be mainly due to N-nitrosodimethylamine formed. The administration of 0.4 mmole/kg of aminopyrine and 1.0 mmole/kg of sodium nitrite was thought to induce the alterations to almost the same extent as induced by 0.15 mmole/kg of N-nitrosodimethylamine. The simultaneous administrations of sodium nitrite and several other drugs with tertiary amino groups, namely oxytetracycline, diphenhydramine, oleandomycin, erythromycin and minocycline induced small alterations of these parameters. However, these alterations were not thought to relate to the hepatic injury induced by N-nitrosodimethylamine. Therefore the amount of N-nitrosodimethylamine formed from these drugs in rats was thought to be rather small. We also investigated the effect of several antioxidants on the alterations of biochemical parameters induced by aminopyrine and sodium nitrite. Ascorbic acid, sodium erythorbate and propyl gallate inhibited these alterations. On the other hand, sorbic acid did not.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7338959&dopt=Abstract
Chemotherapy. 1980;26(2):121-7.
Susceptibility of Bacteroides melaninogenicus to 45 antibiotics.
Niederau W, Hoffler U, Pulverer G.
The minimal inhibitory concentrations of 45 antimicrobial agents were determined for 13 strains of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. All the strains showed good susceptibility to those agents known to be active against anaerobic gram-negative rods, such as tetracyclines and lincomycins. The lowest MICs were observed with lincomycin, clindamycin, methacycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and erythromycin. As expected, aminoglycosides were only poorly active, also some strains showed clear resistance to penicillins, cephalosproins (including the newer ones), and nitroimidazoles.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7363706&dopt=Abstract
Jpn J Antibiot. 1980 Feb;33(2):117-24.
[Effects of cysteine compounds on antibiotics I. Effects of L-cysteine and its derivatives on the potency of antibiotics (author's transl)]
[Article in Japanese]
Kikuchi N, Tsukinaga M, Endo W, Kamijo K.
Various derivatives of L-cysteine obtained by conversion to an -S-S- bond in the mucoprotein by means of -SH in the chemical structure are widely used as expectorants because they show mucous dissolving action. Recently, there have been reports that L-cysteine derivatives lower the potencies of various antibiotics. Various types of antibiotics and cysteine-type expectorants are often used concomitantly for the treatment of bacterial infections in respiratory tract diseases, and any decrease in the antibiotic potency presents a major therapeutic problem. We investigated the effects of four cysteine derivatives on 12 antibiotics, ampicillin (ABPC), amoxicillin (AMPC), sulbenicillin (SBPC), cefazolin (CEZ), cephalexin (CEX), cephalothin (CET), oxytetracycline (OTC), doxycycline (DOTC), minocycline (MINO), erythromycin (EM), ribostamycin (VSM) and lincomycin (LCM), widely used clinically in vitro with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIc) obtained by the liquid dilution method as an index. L-Cysteine, acetylcysteine, ethylcysteine and mecysteine lowered the potencies of almost all of the antibiotics at high concentrations (500 mcg/ml), but at low concentrations (12.5 mcg/ml), mecysteine lowered the potencies of only three antibiotics and L-cysteine those of only four antibiotics, while acetylcysteine decreased the potencies of six and ethylcysteine those of seven antibiotics.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7373852&dopt=Abstract
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