Drugs online research references
Jpn J Antibiot. 1992 Jun;45(6):597-604.
[Bacteriological evaluations of combination therapies with minocycline and beta-lactams for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. I. Cefotiam plus minocycline]
[Article in Japanese]
Deguchi K, Yokota N, Koguchi M, Nakane Y, Suzuki Y, Fukayama S, Ishihara R.
Section of Studies, Tokyo Clinical Research Center.
Since methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant to multiple antibiotics, only a limited number of antibacterial agents shows efficacy against this bacteria. Therefore, combination therapy is often attempted for MRSA infections. Most of the MRSA strains recently isolated, however, have been found to show very high resistance, and some of the antibiotics which had previously been effective have been failing to produce good responses in increasing numbers of patients. Thus, the drugs used for combination therapy in MRSA infections need to be reevaluated. We assessed the bacteriological efficacy of cefotiam (CTM) plus minocycline (MINO) therapy against MRSA in an in vitro system (CTM shows relatively strong antibacterial activities against MRSA with moderate resistance, and MINO shows strong antibacterial activities against highly resistant MRSA. 1. Against MINO-susceptible MRSA strains, CTM + MINO demonstrated potent antibacterial activities at MINO concentrations of MIC or sub-MIC levels, irrespective of the MIC of CTM against MRSA strains being tested. 2. Against MINO-resistant MRSA strains (strains for which MICs of MINO exceeded the upper limit of the clinically expected plasma MINO level), CTM + MINO showed no significant antibacterial activity. These results suggested that the effect of this combination was dependent on the antibacterial activity of MINO. Therefore, the usefulness of this combination in patients with MRSA infections can be predicted based on susceptibilities of involved strains to MINO. 3. The potent antibacterial effect of this combination against MINO-susceptible MRSA strains was considered to be the result of damage to the cellular membrane by MINO and the subsequent antibiotic effect of CTM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1507393&dopt=Abstract
Jpn J Antibiot. 1992 Jun;45(6):605-11.
[Bacteriological evaluations of combination therapies with minocycline and beta-lactams for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. II. cefuzonam plus minocycline]
[Article in Japanese]
Deguchi K, Yokota N, Koguchi M, Nakane Y, Suzuki Y, Fukayama S, Ishihara R.
Section of Studies, Tokyo Clinical Research Center.
We performed an in vitro assessment of the antibacterial activity of therapy with cefuzonam (CZON) plus minocycline (MINO) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aures (MRSA) infections. 1. Studies using MINO-susceptible and MINO-resistant MRSA strains suggested that the antibacterial activity of CZON + MINO was dependent on the antibiotic action of MINO, similarly to the case with cefotiam (CTM) + MINO. 2. The antibacterial activity (including the FIC index) of this combination was slightly inferior to that of CTM + MINO. However, the time course of antibacterial efficacy of CZON + MINO in MRSA pretreated with MINO was comparable to that of CTM + MINO. 3. CZON + MINO appeared to be a very useful combination in patients with mixed infections due to MRSA and Gram-negative bacteria.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1507394&dopt=Abstract
Nippon Rinsho. 1992 May;50(5):1060-5.
[Effective single and combined chemotherapeutic regimens as regards to antibiotic resistance patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Japan]
[Article in Japanese]
Watanabe A.
Department of Medicine, Tohoku University.
The incidence of gentamicin-resistant MRSA (GMr-MRSA) has been gradually increasing since early 1980's in Japan. The GMr-MRSA mainly belongs to Group-I phage type and to Group-IV coagulase type. It is rather difficult to induce methicillin-resistance in the GMr-MRSA in the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics. Since late 1980's tobramycin-resistant MRSA (TOBr-MRSA) has been increasing rapidly in place of GMr-MRSA. The TOBr-MRSA mostly belongs to Group III phage type and Group II coagulase type. It rapidly acquires resistance to methicillin and becomes highly resistant to many other related antibiotics as evidenced by statistics in 1980's in Japan. A combination chemotherapy with imipenem/cilastatin and 1st or 2nd generation cephem, or minocycline plus cephem is considered to be effective for MRSA infections. However, a combination chemotherapy with arbekacin (ABK), or vancomycin (VCM) plus beta-lactam antibiotic is recommended especially for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1507429&dopt=Abstract
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