Drugs online research references
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1978;36(6):523-6.
[Comparison of two methods of antibiotic sensitivity test: gel diffusion and automatic method using ABAC apparatus. II. Study on 399 strains isolated in hospital (author's transl)]
[Article in French]
Drugeon H, Courtieu AL.
The authors compared for routine use, the results obtained on 399 strains of Gram negative bacilli by two technics of antibiotic sensitivity: the technic of gel diffusion with imprenated discs and an automatic method (ABAC apparatus). Among the antibiotics used as a routine in our laboratory by the diffusion method and the 16 studied with the ABAC apparatus, 11 are common to both methods and were compared. The concordance of the results was greater than 90% for colistine (94.5%), oxolinic acid (93.5%), tobramycin (91.7%). It lies between 80 and 90% in the case of carbenicillin (89.1%), nalidixic acid (87.5%), kanamycin (87.2%). It is less in the case of gentamicin (77.9%), ampicillin (77.3%, chloramphenicol (76%), streptomycin (70.3%), minocycline with 55.9% gave the lowest results. The percentage of uninterpretable responses by ABAC was 0.7% for all 11 antibiotics. The correlations were good for the Enterobacteriaceae: Serratia (75.4%), Eschericia coli (87.5%). They are less in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (71.6%). The ABAC makes sensitivity test automatic and appears a reliable method.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=107836&dopt=Abstract
Food Chem Toxicol. 1984 Apr;22(4):269-74.
Susceptibilities of drugs to nitrosation under standardized chemical conditions.
Gillatt PN, Hart RJ, Walters CL, Reed PI.
Of 22 drugs with either a N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino or N-morpholino group in the molecule, eight were converted to volatile N-nitrosamines by nitrosative cleavage in reactions of nitrite and drug in a molar ratio of 4:1 at pH 3. Under standardized conditions yields were greatest with aminopyrine and minocycline which contains two N,N-dimethylamino groups in the molecule. Oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, promethazine, chlorpromazine, imipramine and disulfiram gave much lower yields and amitriptyline, clomiphene, clomipramine, dextropropoxyphene, diphenhydramine, disopyramide, erythromycin, mepyramine, methapyrilene, penicillin G procaine salt, procaine, tamoxifen, trimeprazine and tripelennamine yielded no detectable levels of volatile N-nitrosamines. Nitrosation products of 57 drugs were also examined by a group selective procedure estimating both volatile and non-volatile N-nitroso compounds. Virtually all of the yield obtained from aminopyrine or minocycline could be accounted for by N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). However, compounds yielding excess N-nitrosamines compared to NDMA were obtained from the other three tetracyclines, presumably as a result of the cleavage of a methyl group from the N,N-dimethylamino substituent to form desmethyl-N-nitroso compounds. In general, the drugs giving the highest yields of N-nitroso compounds were those containing secondary rather than tertiary amino groups. A considerable range of susceptibilities towards nitrous acid was observed overall; ten drugs containing a secondary or tertiary amino- or amido- or hydrazido - group did not react with nitrous acid to form N-nitroso compounds.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6539274&dopt=Abstract
Jpn J Antibiot. 1983 Jan;36(1):111-6.
[An in vitro study of susceptibility of Flavobacterium meningosepticum to antibiotics]
[Article in Japanese]
Igari J, Kosakai N, Oguri T.
The present study concern in vitro observation on the susceptibility to 20 antibacterial agents of the strains of Flavobacterium meningosepticum from clinical specimens at Juntendo University Hospital during the 1 year period of 1981. The tests for susceptibility of the 144 strains to the drugs were all performed by the serial 2-fold agar plate dilution method on Mueller Hinton agar (Difco), standardized by the Japan Society of Chemotherapy using the Microplanter apparatus with one loop of approximately 10(8) cells/ml. The antibacterial agents tested were as follows: ampicillin, sulbenicillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin, cefazolin, cefmetazole, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid, erythromycin and clindamycin. 1. Thirty-seven per cent of the strains were isolated from sputum, 23% from urine (greater than or equal to 10(5) ml), and 18% from pus and exudate. Only 3 and 2 strains were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and blood, respectively. 2. A large number of the strains tested were highly resistant to ABPC, SBPC, CEZ, KM, TOB, AMK, PPA and EM, and moderately resistant to PIPC, MZPC, CMZ, CPZ, CTX, CZX, GM, TC and NA. The most of the strains were highly sensitive to MINO, CLDM and DOXY in this order. There was no strain resistant to MINO in this study. 3. The yearly change of the antibacterial activities of DOXY, MINO, CLDM was not significant and 9% of the strains in 1981 were highly resistant to CLDM. The strains resistant to EM were more frequently seen in 1981 than in 1974--1976.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6551461&dopt=Abstract
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