Drugs online research references
Ann Ophthalmol. 1979 Dec;11(12):1859-61.
Ocular penetration of orally administered minocycline.
Poirier RH, Ellison AC.
Minocycline administered orally with a loading dose of 200 mg followed by 2 doses of 100 mg 12 hours apart was found to produce adequate levels in the aqueous of patients with noninflamed eyes at the time of routine cataract extraction. The plasma to aqueous ratio was approximately 2:1. This study suggests the potential usefulness of minocycline in ocular infections that are due to sensitive bacteria.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=556140&dopt=Abstract
Agents Actions. 1977 Sep;7(3):369-77.
One-dose and multiple-dose kinetics of minocycline in patients with renal disease.
Sklenar I, Spring P, Dettli L.
Kinetic analysis of minocycline concentrations in plasma and urine resulted in the following findings: In normal subjects the biological half-life is about 17 hours after the first dose and 21 hours after repeated administration. The renal drug clearance is only about 8% of the overall plasma clearance which is independent of renal function with a mean value of 47 ml/min. The fraction of the absorbed dose eliminated unchanged in the urine is only 9--19%. As a consequence the elimination rate of the drug is practically independent of renal function and decreases only 9--19% in anuric patients. The renal drug clearance depends linearly on renal function. The gastro-intestinal bio-availability of minocycline from the coated tablet preparation is incomplete. The cumulative behaviour of the drug corresponds to the kinetic parameters determined after repeated administration. It is suggested that the usual dosage regimen should be used in patients with renal disease.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=596320&dopt=Abstract
J Bacteriol. 1984 Nov;160(2):556-63.
Characterization and expression of a cloned tetracycline resistance determinant from the chromosome of Streptococcus mutans.
Tobian JA, Cline ML, Macrina FL.
A chromosomal tetracycline resistance (Tcr) determinant previously cloned from Streptococcus mutans into Streptococcus sanguis (Tobian and Macrina, J. Bacteriol. 152:215-222, 1982) was characterized by using restriction endonuclease mapping, deletion analysis, and Southern blot hybridization. Deletion analysis allowed localization of the Tcr determinant to a 2.8-kilobase region of the originally cloned 10.4-kilobase sequence. This cloned determinant hybridized to a representative of the tetM class of streptococcal Tcr determinants but not to representatives of the tetL and tetN classes and, like other tetM determinants, mediated high-level resistance to tetracycline and low-level resistance to minocycline. A portion (approximately 3 kilobases) of the isolated streptococcal fragment was subcloned into Escherichia coli, where it conferred resistance to tetracycline and minocycline. Two proteins with apparent molecular weights of 33,000 and 35,000, encoded by the S. mutans DNA, were synthesized in E. coli minicells. Insertion of DNA into a unique SstI site of the cloned S. mutans fragment resulted in inactivation of Tcr expression in E. coli and S. sanguis, as well as loss of production of both the 33,000- and 35,000-dalton proteins in E. coli minicells. Incubation of minicells in subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline did not result in changes in the levels of synthesis of either protein. Our data suggest that at least one of these proteins is involved in the expression of Tcr.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6094475&dopt=Abstract
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