Drugs online research references
J Invest Dermatol. 1985 Apr;84(4):262-4.
Photohemolytic potency of tetracyclines.
Bjellerup M, Ljunggren B.
Hemolysis induced by long-wave ultraviolet radiation (UVA) and 8 different commercial tetracycline derivatives was studied in a model using human red blood cells. Demethylchlortetracycline and doxycycline were shown to have pronounced hemolytic properties causing 88% and 85% hemolysis, respectively, at a concentration of 50 micrograms/ml and 72 J/cm2 of UVA. Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and chlortetracycline caused maximally 18% hemolysis at 200 micrograms/ml and lymecycline only 7% at 100 micrograms/ml. Methacycline showed intermediate hemolytic effect of 36% at 200 micrograms/ml. Minocycline had no hemolytic effect whatsoever. These experimental data correlate very well with clinical reports and comparative phototoxicity trials in humans. Photohemolysis may thus be of value for predicting tetracycline phototoxicity.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3981037&dopt=Abstract
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1985 Apr;15(4):441-8.
In-vitro and in-vivo activities of antimicrobial agents against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
Obana Y, Nishino T, Tanino T.
The virulence of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. anitratus was studied in mice, and in-vitro and in-vivo activities of several antimicrobial agents were evaluated. In in-vitro susceptibility testings, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and peptide were highly sensitive, and minocycline and doxycycline were the most active of 21 antibiotics tested against 84 clinical isolates of Acin. calcoaceticus. Virulence tests for mice revealed that some strains exhibited high virulence with LD50 values between 10(3) and 10(4) viable cells/mouse. Against lethal and urinary tract infections produced by Acin. calcoaceticus Ac-54 strain in mice, minocycline, doxycycline, gentamicin, and dibekacin, which were highly active in vitro, were effective.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4008377&dopt=Abstract
J Reprod Med. 1985 Mar;30(3 Suppl):273-8.
Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women.
Faro S.
Chlamydia trachomatis is found worldwide and is probably the most common sexually transmitted disease, infecting both females and males, adults as well as children. The organism is responsible for a variety of infections in women--urethral syndrome, cervicitis, endometritis and salpingitis. C. trachomatis may colonize the lower genital tract and result in asymptomatic infection, ultimately resulting in sterility. In addition, infection of the female genital tract during pregnancy may result in spontaneous abortion, premature labor, postpartum endometritis, neonatal conjunctivitis or pneumonia.
PIP: Chlamydia trachomatis, considered the most common sexually transmitted organism, is responsible for a variety of infections in women, including urethral syndrome, cervicitis, endometritis, and salpingitis. It may colonize the lower genital tract and result in asymptomatic infection, ultimately resulting in sterility. An estimated 20-40% of sexually active women have been exposed to Chlamydia, and 4-5% of sexually active US women are estimated to carry Chlamydia in the cervix. Infection may involve the lower genital tract (bartholinitis, cervicitis, acute urethral syndrome), the upper genital tract (endometritis, salpingitis, Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome), or both. However, the principal focus of infection appears to be the cervix. The maternal carriage rate of C. trachomatis ranges between 2-30%. Infection of the female genital tract during pregnancy may result in spontaneous abortion, premature labor, postpartum endometritis, neonatal conjunctivitis, or pneumonia. All women suspected of being colonized by or exposed to C. trachomatis should be evaluated throughly, and treatment should be administered to both the patient and her sexual partner. Since patients with 1 sexually transmitted disease are likely to have another, these women should be screened for Trichomonas, gonorrhea, syphilis, and herpes as well. The recommended treatment for nonpregnant women with C. trachomatis is 500 mg tetracycline 4 times/day, 50 mg minocycline 2 times/day, or 100 mg doxycycline 2 times/day.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4020784&dopt=Abstract
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