Drugs online research references
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1986 May;34(5):372-8.
[Prevalence of antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolated in France: a year of activities of the network of surveillance for H. influenzae infections]
[Article in French]
Dabernat H, Delmas C, Lareng MB.
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae was assessed in France. A total of 705 isolates, obtained from CSF (98 strains), blood (76), ears (118), eyes (164), lower respiratory tract specimens (144), genital specimens (28), and various other specimens (71) were examined. These isolates were obtained from microbiological laboratories distributed throughout France and were sent to the Center for the study of H. influenzae during one year. Biotype of isolates was determined by use of API 10 E system and serotype was determined by slide agglutination procedure. All isolates were examined for beta-lactamase production with a chromogenic test. Susceptibility to ampicillin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, minocycline, erythromycin and rifampicin was determined by disk diffusion test and MIC determination by agar dilution procedure. Drug resistance was observed for 92 strains (13%). The overall resistance was 11.2% to ampicillin (all but one strain were beta-lactamase producers), 9% to tetracycline (Tc), 3.4 to chloramphenicol (Cm) and 6.8% to kanamycin (Km). Eleven phenotypes of resistance were observed: the most frequently observed were Ap-Km-Tc, Ap, Ap-Km-Cm-Tc, Ap-Tc, Ap-Km, Tc. Antimicrobial resistance rates varied by specimens: resistance to ampicillin concerned 12.2% of the strains from CSF, 10.5% from blood, 12.5% from sputum, 16.1% from ears, 6.7% from eyes; tetracycline resistance concerned 14.2%, 10.5%, 10.4%, 7.6% and 4.8% of the same strains respectively; resistance to chloramphenicol concerned 4%, 5.2%, 1.3%, 3.3% and 2.4% of the strains respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3534709&dopt=Abstract
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1986 Jun;34(5 Pt 2):616-20.
[Evaluation of the API ATB-CMI system for testing the sensitivity of Haemophilus influenzae to antibiotics. Comparison with other technics and reflections on interpretation criteria]
[Article in French]
Dabernat H, Delmas C, Lareng MB.
The API ATB-MIC system was used for antibiotic sensitivity testing of H. influenzae (following addition of NAD and hemin). Results were compared to those obtained with agar dilution and disc diffusion. Eighty-four strains with a variety of resistance phenotypes (including beta-lactamase-producing strains and strains resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline or kanamycin) were tested. The API ATB-MIC system studies the susceptibility of H. influenzae to antibiotics by determining minimal inhibitory concentrations. Agreement between the methods ranged from 83% to 98% according to the antibiotic. Discrepancies involved ampicillin, minocycline and, to a lesser extent, chloramphenicol. These discrepancies had no influence on the interpretation of results except in one instance involving chloramphenicol. Comparison of the results obtained with each of the three methods leads to a discussion of the criteria that indicate resistance of H. influenzae and of the cutoff concentrations and diameters used for other species. Criteria indicating resistance are production of beta-lactamase for ampicillin, production of enzyme, a MIC above 2 mg/l or a diameter below 26 mm for chloramphenicol, and a diameter below 18 mm or a MIC above 4 mg/l for tetracycline and minocycline.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3534755&dopt=Abstract
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1986 Jun;34(5 Pt 2):645-7.
[Sensitivity of anaerobes to 8 antibiotics]
[Article in French]
Sedallian A.
We studied the susceptibility of 282 obligate anaerobes to 8 antibiotics. The strains were isolated from clinical specimens taken during 1983 and 1984. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using a microplate method for 245 strains and agar dilution for 33 Bacteroides asaccharolyticus strains. Tested strains were as follows: 85 Bacteroides fragilis, 71 Clostridium, 19 Fusobacterium nucleatum, 35 Peptostreptococcus, 39 Bacteroides oralis and Bacteroides bivius and 33 Bacteroides asaccharolyticus. Tested antibiotics were: metronidazole, clindamycin, minocycline, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, moxalactam, keflin and carbenicillin. For Bacteroides fragilis, the three most active antibiotics were metronidazole (inhibition of all strains with 8 micrograms/ml), minocycline and clindamycin (inhibition of 95% of strains by MICs less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml). However, four strains were resistant to clindamycin (MICs greater than 8 micrograms/ml). The other anaerobic strains tested were susceptible. However, a few Bacteroides bivius strains were resistant to keflin (MIC greater than or equal to 64 micrograms/ml for 5% of strains).
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3534760&dopt=Abstract
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