Drugs online research references
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Chiral liquid chromatography is a well-established area of bioanalytical chemistry and is often used during the processes of drug discovery and development. The development and use of a chiral drug require the understanding of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of each of the enantiomers, including potential differences in their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Chromatographic techniques coupled to atmospheric pressure ionization-tandem mass spectrometry have shown potential as sensitive and robust tools in the quantitative and qualitative determination of enantiomers in biologic fluids and tissue extracts. However, development of a chiral liquid chromatography method requires time-consuming procedures that are devised empirically. Clearly, there is an incentive to design chromatographic approaches that are easy to use, compatible with mass spectrometry ionization interface conditions, exhibit relatively short run times without compromising sensitivity, and offer a broad analyte specificity. For these reasons, the present paper explores the feasibility of the bonded macrocyclic glycopeptide phases (teicoplanin and vancomycin) for analysis by chiral liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Ritalinic acid, pindolol, fluoxetine, oxazepam, propranolol, terbutaline, metoprolol, and nicardipine were tested in this study. Furthermore, an example of a simultaneous chiral LC/MS/MS detection (chromatographic run time approximately 10 min) of four pharmaceutical products resulting in baseline resolutions of all four pairs of enantiomers is presented. Methanol, an MS-compatible mobile phase, was utilized in all the experiments. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10867688&dopt=Abstract
J Chromatogr. 1989 Dec 29;497:181-90.
Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the measurement of the enantiomers of metoprolol in serum using a chiral stationary phase.
Rutledge DR, Garrick C.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, College of Pharmacy, Detroit, MI 48202.
Metoprolol, a beta-adrenergic blocker, is only available as a racemic mixture for clinical use. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the separation of the optical isomers (enantiomers) in human serum is described utilizing a commercially available column with a cellulose tris (3,5-dimethylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. Separation of the enantiomers is accomplished without precolumn derivatization using a mobile phase of hexane-2-propanol-diethylamine (91:8:1, v/v). The method can be successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies in man.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2625455&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1994;47(4):311-4.
Metoprolol alpha-hydroxylation is a poor probe for debrizoquine oxidation (CYP2D6) polymorphism in Jordanians.
al-Hadidi HF, Irshaid YM, Rawashdeh NM.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid.
The frequency distribution of the 8-h urinary ratio of log metoprolol/alpha-hydroxymetoprolol was assessed in 65 healthy, unrelated Jordanian volunteers. There was no apparent bimodality in the frequency distribution of this ratio among the subjects studied. The frequency of the poor metabolizer phenotype of metoprolol alpha-hydroxylation was 1.5% (one subject). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.61, P < 0.05, n = 39) between the log metoprolol/alpha-hydroxymetoprolol and the log debrisoquine/4-hydroxydebrisoquine ratios. However, the frequency of poor metabolizer status of debrisoquine among the 39 subjects was 7.7% (three subjects). Only one of the poor metabolizer of metoprolol alpha-hydroxylation. These findings indicate that metoprolol alpha-hydroxylation by CYP2D6 represents a poor probe for studying debrisoquine polymorphism in Jordanians.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7875180&dopt=Abstract
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