Drugs online research references
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Oct;39(4):361-8.
Hypotensive effect of intracerebroventricular injection of norepinephrine and its modulation by alpha and beta adrenergic blockers in conscious rabbits.
Krishna B, Hussain ME, Chakrabarty AS, Jain AK, Chakrabarty K, Fahim M.
Department of Physiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Dehi.
The present study was designed to investigate the role of central adrenoceptors in the hypotensive effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of norepinephrine (NE) in conscious rabbits. Experiments were carried out on 19 adult rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) of either sex. A dose-dependent hypotensive response to ICV injection of NE was observed with no significant change in heart rate. The hypotensive response of NE was blocked 74.2 +/- 0.7% by yohimbine (alpha-2 adrenergic blocker), and 25.0 +/- 0.5% by metoprolol (beta-1 adrenergic blocker). NE response was not affected either by prazosin or butoxamine (alpha-1 and beta-2 adrenergic blockers respectively). The results suggest that the dose-dependent hypotensive response of ICV administered NE is mediated through alpha-2 and beta-1 central adrenoceptors.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8582748&dopt=Abstract
Am J Cardiol. 1992 Jun 1;69(17):1389-92.
Safety of combined intravenous beta-adrenergic blockade (atenolol or metoprolol) and thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction.
Green BK, Gordon GD, Horak AR, Millar RN, Commerford PJ.
Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa.
One hundred thirty-one patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) a mean of 3 hours after the onset of symptoms were treated with oral aspirin and intravenous thrombolytic therapy followed by heparin. One hundred eleven patients (85%) also received intravenous followed by oral beta blockers. Twenty-one patients (19%) discontinued the beta blocker because of complications. Five (4.5%) required the addition of diuretic drugs or converting enzyme inhibitors. Six patients (5%) discontinued the beta blocker after complete mechanical revascularization, and 1 patient was noncompliant. Long-term treatment continued in 90 patients (69%) over a 2-year follow-up period (average 13 months). There were 3 infarct extensions and 3 reinfarctions (5%). Overall mortality at 2 years was 10%. Intravenous beta blockers are well tolerated in most patients treated with thrombolytic agents, aspirin and heparin. They may further improve the survival benefit of chronic beta blocker therapy in the period after AMI.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1590224&dopt=Abstract
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 1990 Feb;39(2):83-8.
[Thrombolysis and intravenous beta-blockaders in the acute phase of myocardial infarction]
[Article in French]
Jarry G, Hermida JS, Rey JL, Avinee P, Quiret JC, Bernasconi P.
Service de Reanimation cardiaque, Hopital Sud, Amiens.
Since proof exists of the individual efficacy of thrombolytics and intravenous beta-blockers in the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI), it seemed to us logical and interesting to combine them. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and potential benefit of this drug combination for left ventricular function. We compared 40 patients (group I) of mean age 53.9 +/- 8.5 years admitted for MI in the six hours following the onset of symptoms treated by thrombolysis and intravenous beta-blockers (metoprolol or atenolol), with 27 patients (group II) of mean age 57.1 +/- 9.4 years treated within the same time lapse by thrombolysis alone. All patients underwent coronary arteriography and only two in group I were not examined by ventriculography. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, coronary history, localization of MI, clinical status at the outset, and time lapse before administration of the thrombolytic. Only heart rate differed at the outset (lower in group II; p = 0.05). A significant reduction in heart rate of 18% was seen in group I. When administration of the two drugs was simultaneous (less than or equal to 30-min lapse between each drug) this reduction was greater (22%) than when they were given separately (13%). In group II, the drop in heart rate was not significant (63%). In contrast, the decrease in systolic pressure in both groups was significant and comparable (group I: 16.6%; group II: 14.5%) even in the case of simultaneous administration (22%). There was no between-group difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1970468&dopt=Abstract
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