Drugs online research references
Hum Toxicol. 1983 Apr;2(2):175-81.
Beta-adrenoceptor blocker intoxication: epidemiological data. Prenalterol as an alternative in the treatment of cardiac dysfunction.
Kulling P, Eleborg L, Persson H.
1 During the three years 1978--1980 the Swedish Poison Information Centre received reports of 184 patients hospitalized due to beta-adrenoceptor blocker overdosage. Of the 35 patients who developed signs of severe cardiac dysfunction (HR less than 50 beats/min, systolic blood pressure less than 80 mm Hg), 23 had ingested propranolol, 10 metoprolol and 2 alprenolol. 2 The mean value of the defined daily doses (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day in Sweden during these years were 11.97 for propranolol, 8.02 for alprenolol and 7.74 for metoprolol. The incidence of severe poisoning due to alprenolol overdosage is lower than expected according to DDD. 3 During 1979 19 persons died from overdosage with beta-adrenoceptor blockers in Sweden: 15 due to propranolol (non-selective, lacks intrinsic sympathomimetic activity), 2 to metoprolol (cardioselective, lacks intrinsic sympathomimetic activity). These findings indicate that severe and even fatal poisoning may occur regardless of the type of beta-blocking agent. 4 The usefulness of prenalterol, a cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor partial agonist, in reversing unwanted cardiac effects of beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents is illustrated by two cases of massive propranolol intoxication (maximal plasma concentrations of propranolol 7.2 and 7.8 mumol/l respectively). Prenalterol in high doses (130 and 280 mg/24 h respectively) restored cardiac function.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6134663&dopt=Abstract
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984 Sep;18(3):331-5.
Lack of a pharmacokinetic interaction between nifedipine and the beta-adrenoceptor blockers metoprolol and atenolol.
Kendall MJ, Jack DB, Laugher SJ, Lobo J, Rolf Smith S.
Nifedipine, metoprolol and atenolol were administered orally to young, healthy volunteers. Each drug was given alone and nifedipine was also given with both beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Each drug was given for 3 days immediately before the study days. Plasma and urine drug concentrations were measured and the relevant pharmacokinetic parameters calculated. No pharmacokinetic interaction between nifedipine and the beta-adrenoceptor blockers was revealed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6487472&dopt=Abstract
Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1982 Jun;36(3):367-82.
Responsiveness of intracardiac neurons to cholinergic stimulation in normal and thyroidectomized dogs.
Simpson WW, Curtis MB, Priola DV, Mittleman J.
Hypothyroidism alters the responsiveness of sympathetically innervated structures. The present work was done to determine if the responsiveness of the intrinsic cardiac nerves (ICN) to nicotine is also affected by thyroidectomy (THX). Mongrel dogs were anesthetized and an electrode catheter was advanced into the right atrium for recording His bundle activity (HB). A second cannula was placed into the carotid artery with its tip near the coronary ostia, so that the responses to the drugs injected would be confined to the heart. Changes in the A-H interval of the HB were recorded in response to both acetylcholine (ACH) 2-50 ug, and nicotine HCl (NIC) 5-100 ug, before and after beta blockade with metoprolol (1-4 mg). There were no important differences between the two groups in the responses of A-V nodal conduction to ACH over the dose range used. However, the THX animals showed an apparent increase in responsiveness to NIC; ie., ca. 5% decrease in A-H at 10 ug (control) compared to ca. 30% increase after THX. The apparent catecholamine-releasing effect of NIC was also enhanced in the THX animals. In addition, the responses to ACH and NIC were compared in animals both 'on' and 'off' cardiac bypass. The data suggest that hypothyroidism increases the effectiveness of nicotinic stimulation of intracardiac neurons.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6126919&dopt=Abstract
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