Drugs online research references
Pharmacology. 1992;44(1):13-8.
Beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in the detrusor of guinea-pig urinary bladder.
Li JH, Yasay GD, Kau ST.
Department of Pharmacology, ICI Americas Inc., Wilmington, Del 19897.
beta-Adrenoceptors have been demonstrated in the urinary bladders of many animals including the guinea pig. However, there is little information on the subtypes involved in the antispasmodic activity of beta-adrenoceptor activation in the guinea-pig detrusor. The present study uses the non-selective beta-agonist isoproterenol, the antagonist nadolol, the beta 2-selective agonists salbutamol and terbutaline, the antagonist ICI 118551, and the beta 1-selective antagonist metoprolol, to demonstrate functionally the subtypes existing in the guinea-pig detrusor. Isoproterenol dose-dependently reduces the myogenic activity in the guinea-pig detrusor induced by mild depolarization with 20 mM potassium in the tissue bath. At the supramaximal concentration of 30 microM, isoproterenol achieves 73 +/- 2% of the reference maximal response. This activity of isoproterenol is reduced to 9 +/- 5, 24 +/- 6 and 54 +/- 1% in the total blockade of beta, beta 1 and beta 2 with nadolol, metoprolol and ICI 118551, respectively. Consistently, salbutamol and terbutaline at the same concentration produce only 35 +/- 1 and 38 +/- 4% of the response, respectively. Thus, both beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors are present in the detrusor of the guinea-pig urinary bladder. Although activation of either subtype results in antispasmodic action, the larger portion of the antispasmodic activity appears to be associated with the activation of the beta 1-subtype.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1348125&dopt=Abstract
Clin Ter. 1990 Aug 15-31;134(3-4):193-7.
[Ketanserin and metoprolol in the treatment of essential hypertension]
[Article in Italian]
Cerasola G, Contorno A, D'Ignoto G, Talamo AR, Vallone A, Zilietti T.
Cattedra di Fisiologia Respiratoria, Universita degli Studi di Palermo.
In a controlled clinical study, 30 adult patients (16 females, 14 males, mean age 46.0 +/- 7.6, mean body weight 69.4 +/- 10.2 kg) with mild-moderate essential hypertension were treated with ketanserin (20 mg twice daily) or metoprolol (100 mg daily) for the first month and 40 mg twice daily or 100 mg twice daily during the second month. Results showed antihypertensive efficacy and systemic tolerability of ketanserin to be equal to that of metoprolol and better cardiac tolerance for ketanserin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2147620&dopt=Abstract
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1987;10 Suppl 2:S71-4; discussion S75.
Antihypertensive treatment in elderly hypertensives: implications of the MEHP study.
Wikstrand J.
Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Goteborg, Sweden.
Present evidence from several secondary and primary preventive trials indicates that if antihypertensive treatment is initiated with a beta-blocker, a better preventive effect on total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and atherosclerotic complications can be expected than if diuretics are used as initial therapy. Results from a recent large-scale multicenter international study (MEHP) have shown that a regimen initiating antihypertensive treatment with 100 mg metoprolol once daily is effective, safe, and well-tolerated in elderly hypertensive patients. This might be of particular importance since a steep increase in cardiovascular mortality and other atherosclerotic complications is seen with age.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2481174&dopt=Abstract
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