Drugs online research references
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986;88(3):320-4.
The modulation of head-twitch behaviour by drugs acting on beta-adrenoceptors: evidence for the involvement of both beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors.
Handley SL, Singh L.
Drugs selective for either the beta 1- or beta 2-adrenoceptor have been investigated for their effects on the head-twitch behaviour induced by L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) in mice. All four agonists, dobutamine and prenalterol (beta 1-), and salbutamol and procaterol (beta 2-), potentiated the effect of L-5-HTP although they were ineffective in inducing the head-twitch when administered alone. The corresponding antagonists, practolol and metoprolol (beta 1-) and butoxamine and ICI 118,551 (beta 2-), were without effect on the L-5-HTP head-twitch. The antagonists each significantly reduced the effect of the corresponding agonists but, while butoxamine and ICI 118,551 were inactive against dobutamine and prenalterol potentiation, both practolol and metoprolol reduced the effect of salbutamol and procaterol. Thus it is argued that dobutamine and prenalterol potentiation is due to an action at beta 1-adrenoceptors, while at least a component of the potentiating effect of salbutamol and procaterol is exerted through beta 2-adrenoceptors. The lack of effect of the antagonists alone is discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2870532&dopt=Abstract
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1987;10 Suppl 2:S56-60.
Beta-blockade in ischemic heart disease and hypertension.
Olsson G, Rehnqvist N.
Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd Hospital, Sweden.
The effect of beta-blocking agents on post-myocardial infarction patients with a history of hypertension or elevated blood pressure (BP) at baseline in two prospective placebo-controlled postinfarction studies using beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents (the Stockholm Metoprolol Trial and the Norwegian Timolol Study) is discussed. The results of both of these trials indicate that active beta-blockade reduces the incidence of nonfatal reinfarction, although the BP levels were similar in the two treatment groups. The differences in the efficacy of treatment in previous studies of hypertension are discussed. So far, none of the studies has shown a significant difference in mortality when different antihypertensive therapies have been compared in the same study. Some aspects of designing future trials comparing different treatment regimens in hypertension are discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2444820&dopt=Abstract
Clin Cardiol. 1978 Aug;1(2):91-5.
Effects of metoprolol on heart rate in patients with digitalis treated chronic atrial fibrillation.
Khalsa A, Edvardsson N, Olsson SB.
Adequate control of ventricular rate in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) may not be achieved with digitalis alone. In the present study the additional effect of two different doses (50 mg and 50 +/- 50 mg) of oral metoprolol, a new selective beta-blocking agent, on ventricular rate in patients with longstanding AF has been studied. A decrease in the mean ventricular rate during rest and during exercise at various work loads was observed after both doses. The effect was more pronounced at the highest work load of 80 W, both after 50 mg (p less than 0.002) and after 50 +/- 50 mg (p less than 0.01) of the drug. A high initial heart rate at rest or during exercise was reduced more by the drug than a lower one. Exercise tolerance was reduced in 2 patients. These results suggest that patients with AF in whom satisfactory control of heart rate cannot be achieved with digitalis alone may benefit from addition of individualized metoprolol therapy.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=756821&dopt=Abstract
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