Drugs online research references
J Hypertens. 1984 Feb;2(1):11-8.
Regression of structural cardiovascular changes by antihypertensive therapy in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Lundin SA, Hallback-Nordlander MI.
Trophic adrenergic influences may in part potentiate the pressure dependent development of structural cardiovascular changes in hypertension. Regression of such changes by antihypertensive treatment should therefore be most successful if adrenergic blocking drugs are used. In the present study spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) received either alpha-methyldopa, metoprolol, felodipine, a new vasodilating Ca2+-antagonist, or metoprolol and felodipine in combination for 10 weeks. Their left ventricles were weighed and resistance vessel design was analysed using a haemodynamic technique. Arterial pressure (MAP) was equally reduced by metoprolol and felodipine. Despite their different modes of action cardiovascular design was also equally affected. The combined regimen reduced average MAP more than either drug alone. It also caused more pronounced regression of cardiovascular structural changes. Methyldopa lowered MAP less than either metoprolol or felodipine and had only modest effects on cardiovascular design. Thus, the extent of MAP reduction, regardless of which therapeutic regimen is used to induce it, determines the extent of regression of structural cardiovascular changes during antihypertensive treatment.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6241624&dopt=Abstract
Am J Physiol. 1999 Oct;277(4 Pt 2):H1429-34.
Beta-blockade improves adjacent regional sympathetic innervation during postinfarction remodeling.
Kramer CM, Nicol PD, Rogers WJ, Seibel PS, Park CS, Reichek N.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212, USA.
The effect of beta-blockade on left ventricular (LV) remodeling, when added to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI) after anterior myocardial infarction (MI), is incompletely understood. On day 2 after coronary ligation-induced anteroapical infarction, 17 sheep were randomized to ramipril (ACEI, n = 8) or ramipril and metoprolol (ACEI-beta, n = 9). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed before and 8 wk after MI to measure changes in LV end-diastolic, end-systolic, and stroke volume indexes, LV mass index, ejection fraction (EF), and regional percent intramyocardial circumferential shortening. (123)I-labeled m-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and fluorescent microspheres before and after adenosine were infused before death at 8 wk post-MI for quantitation of sympathetic innervation, blood flow, and blood flow reserve in adjacent and remote noninfarcted regions. Infarct size, regional blood flow, blood flow reserve, and the increase in LV mass and LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume indexes were similar between groups. However, EF fell less over the 8-wk study period in the ACEI-beta group (-13 +/- 11 vs. -22 +/- 4% in ACEI, P < 0.05). The ratio of adjacent to remote region (123)I-MIBG uptake was greater in ACEI-beta animals than in the ACEI group (0.93 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.86 +/- 0.07, P < 0.04). When added to ACE inhibition after transmural anteroapical MI, beta-blockade improves EF and adjacent regional sympathetic innervation but does not alter LV size.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10516178&dopt=Abstract
Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1984;4(5):367-72.
Effect of metoprolol in carotid sinus hypersensitive patients.
Bodis L, Radnai B, Javor T.
The reflex effects induced by carotid sinus stimulation were studied in 23 subjects before and after oral administration of 200 mg metoprolol. Eight patients had sustained hypertension, eight had normal blood pressure. All patients had carotid sinus hypersensitivity (CSH). Seven normotensive subjects without carotid sinus hypersensitivity constituted the control group. Two hours after intake of metoprolol the baroreflex induced sinus node inhibition and blood pressure lowering effect proved to be greater, in all groups of subjects, than before taking the drug, however, in the group of carotid sinus hypersensitive patients with high blood pressure only the parameters relating to heart rate showed significant differences. In a comparison of the effects of the metoprolol on the parameters induced by carotid stimulation, significant increases could be seen in both CSH groups compared to the data found in the control group. The reflex induced fall in blood pressure and the time needed for the return to the prestimulating level showed a significantly greater augmentation in the normotensive, than in the hypertensive CSH patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6519851&dopt=Abstract
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