online pharmacy, prescription drugs online



Drugs online research references








J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Jul;36(1):109-17.
Evidence that prostaglandins mediate the antihypertensive actions of angiotensin-(1-7) during chronic blockade of the renin-angiotensin system.

Iyer SN, Yamada K, Diz DI, Ferrario CM, Chappell MC.

Hypertension and Vascular Disease Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1032, USA.

Prostaglandins are known to participate in the antihypertensive actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and angiotensin type 1 (AT1)-receptor antagonism. Because angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] is markedly elevated after prolonged ACE-inhibitor treatment, we determined whether the antihypertensive effects of Ang-(1-7) were mediated by release of prostaglandins. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs, 10 weeks) were treated for 9 days with either lisinopril (20 mg/kg) or losartan (10 mg/kg) or a combination of both drugs. Rats were implanted with catheters in the carotid artery and jugular vein to record blood pressure and to infuse drug solutions, respectively. Neutralization of circulating Ang-(1-7) by monoclonal antibody resulted in a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure in SHRs treated with either lisinopril or losartan. Administration of CGS 24592 to block Ang-(1-7) formation also resulted in an increase in blood pressure that was comparable to antibody infusion. However, Ang-(1-7) blockade evoked a greater elevation in blood pressure in the lisinopril and lisinopril/losartan-treated rats in comparison to those treated with losartan alone. Acute treatment with the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin increased blood pressure to a similar extent to that of CGS 24592, as well as blocked the increase in pressure with the neprilysin inhibitor in the lisinopril/losartan group. In the losartan-treated animals, however, indomethacin increased blood pressure by a larger extent than that of the Ang-(1-7) antibody or CGS 24592, and CGS 24592 did not abolish the subsequent pressor response to indomethacin in these animals. In contrast to the antibody or neprilysin inhibitor, administration of the Ang-(1-7) antagonist D-[Ala7]-Ang-(1-7) increased blood pressure to a similar extent in lisinopril or losartan treatments. Moreover, D-[Ala7]-Ang-(1-7) increased blood pressure to a comparable extent as indomethacin and blocked any further increase with the COX inhibitor in the losartan-treated SHRs. High-resolution emulsion autoradiography revealed 125I-[Sarcosine1, Threonine8]-Ang II (Sarthran) binding in the mesenteric artery and thoracic aorta in the presence of both LOS and the AT2 antagonist PD123319. The non-AT1/non-AT2 Sarthran binding was displaced by Ang-(1-7), DALA, or Ang II. These studies suggest that vasodilatory eicosanoids mediate the antihypertensive effects of endogenous Ang-(1-7) in both LIS and LIS/LOS therapies. Furthermore, in the presence of AT1-receptor blockade, Ang II may interact with a DALA-sensitive site to promote eicosanoid release.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10892668&dopt=Abstract

pgi.chd.nic.in

Angiotensin-converting enzyme is present in the male reproductive system but its role in the physiology of reproduction is not known. To see the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme on spermatozoal functions, lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, was administered orally using two different doses (10 and 20 mg/kg/day) to rats. Both short-term (2 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) effects of the drug were observed. Lisinopril treatment resulted in a marked decrease in sperm density, sperm motility and zona pellucida penetration. Acrosome reaction by spermatozoa obtained from drug-treated animals was significantly lower when compared with spermatozoa from normal animals.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10893698&dopt=Abstract




Clin Chim Acta. 2000 Sep;299(1-2):1-10.
Effects of lisinopril and amlodipine on antioxidant status in experimental hypertension.

Mantle D, Patel VB, Why HJ, Ahmed S, Rahman I, MacNee W, Wassif WS, Richardson PJ, Preedy VR.

Department of Neurochemistry, Regional Neurosciences Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, NE4 6BE, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

The objective of this investigation was to compare changes in antioxidant status (together with other metabolites relevant to hypertension) in plasma and cardiac tissue from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY), following 8 weeks of treatment with lisinopril (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) or amlodipine (Ca(2+) channel antagonist) respectively. There was no significant difference in the levels of total antioxidant capacity, retinol, urea, albumin or triglyceride in plasma from SHR or WKY rats, with or without lisinopril or amlodipine treatment. However in SHR rats, levels of alpha-tocopherol were substantially reduced in both plasma (-54% WKY, P<0.01) and cardiac tissue (-43% WKY, P<0.05). Treatment with lisinopril ameliorated reduced levels of plasma alpha-tocopherol in SHR rats, but not in cardiac tissue. Amlodipine treatment had no effect on alpha-tocopherol levels in plasma or cardiac tissue in SHR rats. In SHR rats total cholesterol levels were significantly lower thanWKY controls (-36%, P<0.001). This effect was reversed in lisinopril treated SHR rats (+27%, P<0.01). Plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were reduced in untreated SHR rats (P<0.025) when compared to WKY controls; neither lisinopril nor amlodipine treatment significantly altered these parameters. These findings suggest possible alternative mechanisms of action for lisinopril, and reinforce its use in hypertensive patients or patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10900288&dopt=Abstract












online pharmacies || Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth || Amoxicillin || Tramadol || Paxil || Rx Drugs USA, Prescription Drugs Online Pharmacy || Zithromax || online pharmacy || Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature || Antibiotics