Drugs online research references
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Apr;3(2):161-170.
ACE Inhibitors and Renal Vascular Responses in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat.
Hollenberg NK, Guidi E.
Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
BACKGROUND: Substantial evidence has accumulated for the intrarenal generation of functionally important quantities of angiotensin II (Ang II). To assess the possibility that Ang II generation occurs beyond a barrier to diffusion from the vascular compartment, six angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors varying widely in their lipid solubility were employed in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and their normotensive controls (WKY). The biological end points were renal blood flow and its response to Ang II. RESULTS: Two ACE inhibitors, ramipril and captopril, induced a larger increase in renal blood flow and enhanced the renal vascular response to Ang II substantially more than did enalapril and lisinopril. The two prodrugs, enalapril and ramipril, which are substantially more lipophilic than the respective active drugs, enalaprilat and ramiprilat, showed equivalent responses. The partial agonist saralasin virtually abolished the renal vasodilator response to ramipril. The pattern of response was similar in WKY, but the responses were substantially smaller. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the concept that a functionally important compartment for intrarenal Ang II formation exists in the healthy rat and that this process is amplified in the SHR.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10684494&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2000 Jan-Feb;27(1-2):80-7.
Inhibition of kinin degradation on the luminal side of renal tubules reduces high blood pressure in deoxycorticosterone acetate salt-treated rats.
Nakajima S, Ito H, Hayashi I, Kuribayashi Y, Okumura T, Yajima Y, Katori M, Majima M.
Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
1. To determine whether the antihypertensive response in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt-treated rats was mediated by kinins on the luminal side of renal tubules or in the circulation, selective urinary kininase inhibitors were administered to normal Brown Norway Kitasato (BN-Ki) rats and kininogen-deficient Brown Norway Katholiek (BN-Ka) rats. 2. Kinins were degraded by neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and carboxypeptidase Y-like kininase (CPY) in urine, but were inactivated mainly by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the plasma. 3. Ebelactone B inhibited CPY, while poststatin inhibited CPY and NEP. 4. Daily administration of poststatin (5 mg/kg per day, s.c.) for 3 days reduced blood pressure (BP) in DOCA salt-treated BN-Ki rats, but not in BN-Ka rats. 5. Ebelactone B (5 mg/kg per day, s.c.) also reduced BP in BN-Ki rats, which was accompanied by increased urinary sodium excretion, but had no effect on BP in BN-Ka rats. 6. Lisinopril (5 mg/kg per day, s.c.) had no effect on BP in either rat strain. 7. Arterial kinin levels in BN-Ki rats increased significantly (2.2-4.6 pg/mL) with captopril (10 mg/kg, s.c.). However, arterial kinin levels that induced hypotension following the infusion of bradykinin (1000 ng/kg per min, i.v.) were 110-fold higher than endogenous arterial kinin levels attained following captopril. 8. These results suggest that inhibition of kinin degradation on the luminal side of the renal tubules may effectively attenuate hypertension.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10696533&dopt=Abstract
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1999 May;19(6):819-27.
Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods for the assay of lisinopril in single and multicomponent pharmaceutical dosage forms.
El-Yazbi FA, Abdine HH, Shaalan RA.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, El-Mesallah, Egypt.
Simple and sensitive methods are described for the assay of lisinopril in tablets. The first method (A) is based on the reaction of the drug with chloranil in aqueous solution of pH 9.5 to give yellow colour measured at 346 nm. The second method (B) is based upon the interaction of lisinopril with dichlone resulting in the formation of an intense purple colour measured at 580 nm. The third method (C) depends on the reaction of the drug with acetylacetone and formaldehyde to form a coloured condensation product measured at 356 nm and also has a strong fluorescence at 475 nm (lambda(ex) 410 nm). This method is extended to determine lisinopril in binary mixtures with hydrochlorothiazide. The last method (D) depends on measuring the first and second derivative spectra of lisinopril. Moreover, the derivative method is used as stability-indicating method where lisinopril can be determined in presence of its degradation products. The proposed methods proved to be suitable for a rapid quality control of commercial dosage forms. The results obtained were precise and accurate.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10698547&dopt=Abstract
online pharmacies ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Amoxicillin ||
Tramadol ||
Paxil ||
Rx Drugs USA, Prescription Drugs Online Pharmacy ||
Zithromax ||
online pharmacy ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||
Antibiotics