Drugs online research references
Rev Port Cardiol. 1992 Nov;11(11):929-32.
[Pulse wave velocity as expression of arterial compliance and its importance in the evaluation of arterial hypertension]
[Article in Portuguese]
Maldonado J, Pego M, Bastos M, Guimaraes H, Monteiro V, Providencia LA.
Servico de Cardiologia, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the arterial compliance through the evaluation of pulse wave velocity. DESIGN: Open study with direct comparison of different groups within a 12 week evaluation period. PATIENTS: 69 patients, 49 with hypertension and 20 normals individuals. INTERVENTIONS: Different groups with the following treatments: Isradipine, Lisinopril, Dilevalol and no therapy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There is marked differences in the pulse wave velocity when hypertensive patients are compared with normal individuals (p < 0.001). In a 12 week therapeutic evaluation there is an improvement in the pulse wave velocity particularly when the arterial pressure was lowered to normal values in the hypertensive patients: Lisinopril (p < 0.005), Isradipine (p < 0.005), Dilevalol (p < 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: It is very easy to evaluate the pulse wave velocity. Arterial compliance, which may be evaluated using the pulse wave velocity, is significantly reduced in hypertensive patients, compared with age-matched control subjects. The use of antihypertensive drugs is associated with changes in arterial compliance. There is a significant decrease in the pulse wave velocity after the administration of ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and beta blockers for an equivalent fall in blood pressure. These observations emphasizes the potential importance of the changes in the large arteries, considered as either an associated factor or a consequence of elevated blood pressure, in the evaluation of the cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality of patients treated for hypertension.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1290640&dopt=Abstract
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1988 Jun;43(6):616-22.
Discrepancy between first-dose converting enzyme inhibition at rest and subsequent inhibition during exercise in chronic heart failure.
Kirlin PC, Dansby C, Laird CK, Willis PW 3rd.
Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Low-dose angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition is thought to completely block the renin-angiotensin system. This study examined the hemodynamic and hormonal responses to initial low- and higher dose converting-enzyme inhibitor (lisinopril or captopril) at rest compared with the response during subsequent chronic therapy while treadmill exercise testing was performed in nine patients with chronic heart failure. At rest, similar changes in systemic arterial pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone concentration were found with initial low and higher doses. However, after at least 4 weeks of therapy, dose-dependent increases in plasma renin activity and decreases in plasma aldosterone concentration were noted during exercise without significant differences in exercise systemic arterial pressure or heart rate. This discrepancy suggests that initial low-dose converting enzyme inhibition does completely block the enzyme, but higher dose therapy is required for complete blockade during subsequent exercise in chronic heart failure.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3288431&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Jun 24;217(1):49-55.
Comparison of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the rat in perfused hindlimbs and in vivo.
Nelissen-Vrancken MH, Leenders PJ, Bost JG, Struijker-Boudier HA, Smits JF.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, Netherlands.
To investigate the role of local renin angiotensin systems in the functional responses to angiotensin I and II, the effects of angiotensin I and angiotensin II on resistance were measured in perfused hindlimbs of rats under normal conditions and during infusion of enalaprilate, lisinopril, zabiciprilate and captopril at two infusion rates. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors significantly increased ED50 and decreased maximal resistance changes of angiotensin I dose dependently, without effects on angiotensin II responses. Captopril increased the ED50 of angiotensin I significantly more than did the other ACE inhibitors at a low infusion rate. The ACE inhibitors, except for lisinopril, increased the ED50 of angiotensin I pressor responses in vivo to the same extent, and were similarly potent to inhibit plasma ACE activity at 15 min after injection. The ratio of the doses of the ACE inhibitors used in vivo was the same as in perfused hindlimbs. These results suggest that, in the hindlimbs, angiotensin I causes ACE-dependent vasoconstriction. Captopril may be more effective to inhibit local ACE than the other ACE inhibitors investigated.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1327817&dopt=Abstract
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