Drugs online research references
Diabetes Care. 1987 Nov-Dec;10(6):687-91.
Effect of glipizide on insulin secretion and insulin metabolism in obese type II diabetic patients.
Bonora E, Pisani F, Micciolo R, Corgnati A, Muggeo M.
Department of Metabolic Diseases, University of Verona, Italy.
This study was designed to explore the short-term effect of glipizide on insulin secretion and metabolism. Plasma insulin and C-peptide levels in the fasting state and after a 100-g oral glucose load were measured in 17 obese newly diagnosed type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects before and after 1 mo of treatment with glipizide (15 mg/day). Plasma glucose levels decreased significantly after treatment with glipizide. Plasma insulin and C-peptide concentrations in the fasting state did not change after glipizide treatment. Also, postglucose plasma insulin levels did not change after glipizide, whereas postglucose plasma C-peptide concentrations significantly increased. A significant relationship was found between the increase in C-peptide plasma levels and the decrease in glycemic profile after glucose load following glipizide treatment. The relation between plasma C-peptide and insulin incremental areas after the oral glucose load significantly increased after treatment. These results suggest that in obese type II diabetic patients, 1 mo of treatment with glipizide potentiates the beta-cell response to oral glucose load and increases insulin metabolism, probably within the liver.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3322723&dopt=Abstract
Clin Pharm. 1988 Mar;7(3):224-8.
Glipizide pharmacokinetics in young and elderly volunteers.
Kobayashi KA, Bauer LA, Horn JR, Opheim K, Wood F Jr, Kradjan WA.
School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
The effects of aging on the pharmacokinetics of glipizide were studied. Ten healthy young men (24.9 +/- 1.9 years of age) and 10 healthy older men (74.4 +/- 7.9 years of age) each ingested a single 5-mg tablet of glipizide after an overnight fast. Blood samples were obtained immediately before drug ingestion and at 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes and at 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 hours after drug ingestion. Serum samples were assayed for glipizide content by a modified high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. Clearance, volume of distribution at steady state, and half-life were estimated from the serum concentration-time curve data. Area under the concentration-time curve and area under the moments curve were calculated using the trapezoidal rule. The mean values for young and older subjects for time to peak concentration (2.1 versus 2.5 hours), peak concentrations (465 versus 399 micrograms/mL), elimination half-life (4.2 versus 4.0 hours), clearance (38.8 versus 38.1 mL/min), and distribution volume at steady state (12.5 versus 14.3 L) were not significant. However, two older individuals had a markedly prolonged time to peak concentration (six to eight hours). For 8 of the 20 subjects a more prolonged terminal half-life may have existed. Further study is required to determine whether significant pharmacokinetic differences between young and elderly subjects appear with multiple dosing of glipizide.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3356119&dopt=Abstract
Diabetes Care. 1987 Nov-Dec;10(6):683-6.
Interaction of ethanol and glipizide in humans.
Hartling SG, Faber OK, Wegmann ML, Wahlin-Boll E, Melander A.
Medical Department, Horsholm Hospital, Denmark.
The hypoglycemic effect of 2.5 mg glipizide and the potentiation of this effect by ethanol were studied in 10 normal-weight nondiabetic subjects. The reductions in blood glucose concentrations were similar in time of onset and extent (2 mM) whether glipizide was taken alone or in combination with ethanol. However, the return of blood glucose toward fasting level was delayed by ethanol. Beta-Cell secretory activity, evaluated from the concentrations of insulin and C-peptide, was unchanged by ethanol. The serum glipizide concentrations were reproducible within subjects, whereas there was a considerable interindividual variation. This heterogeneity in the rise in glipizide concentration was strongly correlated with blood glucose fall and insulin secretion. Thus, ethanol can prolong but does not augment the hypoglycemia induced by glipizide. The heterogeneity in glipizide concentration seems to be caused by an interindividual variation in kinetics.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3428047&dopt=Abstract
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