Drugs online research references
Metabolism. 1987 Aug;36(8):738-42.
Effect of glipizide on hepatic fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration and glucose metabolism.
Cabello MA, Monge L, Ortega JL, Samper B, Feliu JE.
Glipizide raised, in a dose-dependent manner, the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in hepatocytes isolated from 24-hour fasted rats and incubated in the presence of 10 mmol/L glucose. Simultaneously, the rate of L-lactate production, as well as the rate of 3H2O formation from (3-3H)glucose, increased markedly. The concentration of glipizide calculated as corresponding to the half-maximal effect in these metabolic parameters was 12 to 15 mumol/L. In hepatocytes isolated from fed rats, either normal or made diabetic by treatment with alloxan, glipizide inhibited the conversion of both (U-14C)pyruvate and (U-14C)lactate to (14C)glucose; an inverse correlation was established between hepatocyte fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels and the rate of gluconeogenesis. The increase of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration elicited by glipizide, which occurs without a significant modification of either 6-phospho-fructo 2-kinase activity or hepatocyte cyclic AMP levels, seems to be related to a significant accumulation of hexose 6-phosphates (glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate) in the hepatic cells.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3037236&dopt=Abstract
Metabolism. 1988 Sep;37(9):810-4.
The effect of glipizide on extraction of insulin by the human cirrhotic and noncirrhotic liver.
Nygren A, Bulow G, Sundblad L, Thunberg E, Wiechel KL.
Department of Medicine II, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
The effect of glipizide on hepatic uptake of insulin was studied in five patients with liver cirrhosis and five patients with varying diseases in the biliary system and pancreas. All patients had portal catheters for diagnostic purposes. The hepatic uptake of insulin was estimated from the clearance rate for insulin obtained after a constant rate infusion into a peripheral vein and the portal vein. Each patient was examined on two consecutive mornings, the second investigation carried out one hour after oral glipizide administration. The fractional hepatic uptake was significantly lower in cirrhotic patients (17% +/- 6%) than in the other patients (52% +/- 7%; P less than .01). After glipizide, an increase in the estimated uptake of insulin occurred in cirrhotic patients (from 17% +/- 6% to 39% +/- 6%; P less than .01), whereas an insignificant decrease was observed in the other patients (from 52% +/- 7% to 43% +/- 11%).
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3047519&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;35(1):31-7.
The influence of glipizide on early insulin release and glucose disposal before and after dietary regulation in diabetic patients with different degrees of hyperglycaemia.
Bitzen PO, Melander A, Schersten B, Wahlin-Boll E.
Department of Community Health Sciences, Lund University Health Sciences Centre, Dalby, Sweden.
An early defect in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and the preceding phase of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a reduction in early insulin release and hence a prolonged elevation of postprandial blood glucose. We therefore assessed whether a rapidly acting sulphonylurea (glipizide 5 mg 0.5 h before a test meal) could correct these disturbances in 38 IGT/NIDDM subjects, whose early insulin release and postprandial blood glucose elevations remained unimproved after 10 weeks of dietary regulation. We also assessed whether the efficacy of glipizide was dependent upon the ambient blood glucose concentration, and if early systemic availability of the drug was important for the blood glucose lowering effect. A single dose of glipizide normalized early insulin release and hence reduced the postprandial blood glucose increase that was not lowered by dietary regulation. The efficacy of glipizide was dependent upon the early systemic availability of the drug, but early systemic availability and efficacy were independent of the extent of blood glucose elevation, at least within a range of 6-12 mmol.l-1 of fasting blood glucose.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3065086&dopt=Abstract
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