Drugs online research references
Diabet Med. 1991 Jan;8(1):32-9.
Changes in carbohydrate metabolism in association with glipizide treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Jeng CY, Hollenbeck CB, Wu MS, Foley JE, Chen YD, Reaven GM.
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.
Nineteen patients with Type 2 diabetes were treated with glipizide for 2.5-6 months, and measurements made of metabolic variables before and after glipizide treatment. For purposes of analysis, the glipizide associated decrease in fasting plasma glucose concentration was used to divide patients into 'good' responders (decrease of 4.0 mmol l-1 or more, n = 9) or 'fair' responders (decrease of 3.0 mmol l-1 or less, n = 10). Good responders had a significantly greater fall in their mean (+/- SE) hourly plasma glucose (6.3 +/- 0.6 vs 2.7 +/- 0.3 mmol l-1, p less than 0.001) and NEFA (164 +/- 40 vs 60 +/- 37 mumol l-1, p less than 0.05) concentrations from 0800 to 1600 h in response to meals (0800 and 1200 h) than did the fair responders. However, the increase in hourly plasma insulin concentration following glipizide treatment was the same in the good (323 +/- 103 to 413 +/- 124 pmol l-1) and fair (276 +/- 42 to 345 +/- 43 pmol l-1) responders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1826242&dopt=Abstract
Diabet Med. 1991 Oct;8(8):726-31.
Severe hypoglycaemia during treatment with glipizide.
Asplund K, Wiholm BE, Lundman B.
Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Umea, Sweden.
In the years 1980-87, 19 cases of severe hypoglycaemia during treatment of Type 2 diabetes with glipizide were reported to the Swedish Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee. Patient age was 75 +/- 9 years (mean +/- SD) (significantly higher than in all patients on glipizide in Sweden), and the duration of glipizide treatment ranged from 1 day to 4 years. Eleven patients presented with coma, three with reduced consciousness and five with other symptoms. An uneventful early recovery occurred in 14 patients. The remaining five patients had prolonged or recurrent hypoglycaemia for up to 60 h. Two of the patients, both with complicating disorders, died. In a case-control substudy, patients with glipizide-associated hypoglycaemia were found to have renal impairment more often than age- and sex-matched controls treated with glipizide (odds ratio 4.0). The median dose of glipizide (10 mg per day) was identical to that in controls. Other drugs, notably diuretics and benzodiazepines, were more commonly used by hypoglycaemic patients (median 5 vs 2 concomitant drugs, p less than 0.001). We conclude that the use of glipizide is associated with a risk of developing severe hypoglycaemia with a clinical course that is not always benign.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1838063&dopt=Abstract
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1991 Jun;33(3):256-8.
Acute oral hypoglycemic ingestions.
Erickson T, Arora A, Lebby TI, Lipscomb JW, Leikin JB.
Cook County Hospital/TOXIKON Consortium, Chicago, IL.
We reviewed the poison center records of 48 consecutive reports of oral hypoglycemic exposure reported to the Rush Poison Control Center between January 1988 and December 1989. The average age of ingestion was 15.0 y (range 1 to 75 y). Twenty-three of the patients (48%) were male, while 25 (52%) were female. Twenty-nine patients ingested glyburide, 10 chlorpropamide, 6 glipizide, 2 tolbutamide, and 1 each for tolazamide and phenformin. One patient ingested both glyburide and tolbutamide. Sixteen cases (33%) involved coingestants. Accidental cause was the primary reason for ingestion in 33 cases (69%) with suicidal intent being mentioned in an additional 11 cases (23%). Thirteen patients (27%) were treated and released from a health care facility, while the same percentage of patients were admitted. There was no adverse effect in 24 patients (50%) while 9 patients (19%) had minor effects without residual disability. Only 2 patients (4%) experienced a major effect. No deaths were reported. We conclude that oral hypoglycemic ingestions generally have a successful outcome and there does not appear to be a significant difference whether a short/long acting agent or first/second-generation product was ingested.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1858305&dopt=Abstract
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