Drugs online research references
Planta Med. 2001 Nov;67(8):763-5.
Effect of trans-dehydrocrotonin, a 19-nor-clerodane diterpene from Croton cajucara on experimental hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolaemia induced by Triton WR 1339 (tyloxapol) in mice.
Silva RM, Santos FA, Maciel MA, Pinto AC, Rao VS.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
The effect of trans-dehydrocrotonin (t-DCTN) from Croton cajucara Benth. was investigated in mice on Triton WR 1339 (tyloxapol)-induced hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. Mice treated with single application of tyloxapol (400 mg/kg, i.p.) demonstrated significantly increased blood levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides at 24 h and 48 h after its injection, compared to normal controls. These increases were found to be markedly suppressed in animals treated orally with 25 and 50 mg/kg t-DCTN or 100 mg/kg gemfibrozil, an established antihypercholesterolaemic drug. These results suggest that t-DCTN may be a suitable candidate for combating pathologies associated with hyperlipaemia.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11731925&dopt=Abstract
J Chromatogr A. 2001 Dec 14;938(1-2):187-97.
Determination of drugs in surface water and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: methods and preliminary results including toxicity studies with Vibrio fischeri.
Farre ML, Ferrer I, Ginebreda A, Figueras M, Olivella L, Tirapu L, Vilanova M, Barcelo D.
Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
In the present work a combined analytical method involving toxicity and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) was developed for the determination of pharmaceutical compounds in water samples. The drugs investigated were the analgesics: ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac, the decomposition product of the acetyl salicylic acid: salicylic acid and one lipid lowering agent, gemfibrozil. The selected compounds are acidic substances, very polar and all of them are analgesic compounds that can be purchased without medical prescription. The developed protocol consisted, first of all, on the use Microtox and ToxAlert 100 toxicity tests with Vibriofischeri for the different pharmaceutical drugs. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) values and the toxicity units (TU) were determined for every compound using both systems. Sample enrichment of water samples was achieved by solid-phase extraction procedure (SPE), using the Merck LiChrolut EN cartridges followed by LC-ESI-MS. Average recoveries loading 11 of samples with pH=2 varied from 69 to 91% and the detection limits in the range of 15-56 ng/l. The developed method was applied to real samples from wastewater and surface-river waters of Catalonia (north-east of Spain). One batch of samples was analyzed in parallel also by High Resolution Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (HRGC-MS) and the results have been compared with the LC-ESI-MS method developed in this work.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11771838&dopt=Abstract
Chin Med J (Engl). 2001 Sep;114(9):976-82.
Molecular basis for the effect of lipid lowering drugs on growth factors after de-endothelialization.
Zhou Y, Liu X, She M.
Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism and effect of lipid lowering drugs in arresting the development of arterial restenosis after angioplasty. METHODS: De-endothelialization injury of rabbit aortae, common iliac and femoral arteries using balloon angioplasty and the expression of growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1), and fibroblast growth factors (bFGF) were investigated. Total serum cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were analyzed during and after the treatment using either simvastatin combined with gemfibrozil or simvastatin alone for 6 weeks. RESULTS: Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were only slightly to moderately increased after high cholesterol ration intake lasting for 6 weeks in rabbits of two therapeutic groups (simvastatin plus gemfibrozil or only simvastatin). A positive correlation was found between TC and intimal/medial ratio (r = 0.5873, P < 0.05). PDGF-B detected by immuno-histochemistry and RT-PCR analysis showed that the release of PDGF-B was inhibited by simvastatin and gemfibrozil after de-endothelialization. RT-PCR analysis showed that TGF beta-1 was increased in the neointima in two treatment groups but no definite change was seen in the mRNA of bFGF in the smooth muscle cell (SMC) of the balloon-injured arteries even under lipid lowering drug treatment. CONCLUSION: In addition to the lipid lowering effect, both simvastatin and gemfibrozil also influence the release of PDGF-Band TGF-1 in the neointima after de-endothelialization.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11780395&dopt=Abstract
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