Drugs online research references
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000 Dec;15(12):1993-9.
Fibrate-induced increase in blood urea and creatinine: is gemfibrozil the only innocuous agent?
Broeders N, Knoop C, Antoine M, Tielemans C, Abramowicz D.
Department of Nephrology, Hopital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.
BACKGROUND: Some reports indicate that fibrates can induce renal dysfunction. However, the clinical characteristics of these episodes, and the respective nephrotoxicity of the four main fibrates used-namely, fenofibrate, bezafibrate, ciprofibrate, and gemfibrozil-remain ill defined. METHODS: To better characterize this side-effect, we first reviewed the charts of 27 patients from our institution who developed an impairment of renal function during fibrate therapy. We next analysed the articles (n=24) that contained data on renal function in patients taking fibrates (n=2676). RESULTS: Among our 27 patients, 25 were on fenofibrate therapy, one was taking bezafibrate, and one ciprofibrate. Nineteen were recipients of solid-organ transplants (kidney recipients, n=15; heart or heart-lung recipients, n=4), and eight were non-transplanted patients with some impairment of renal function. Baseline plasma creatinine ranged from 0.9 to 2.9 mg/dl. It increased by a mean of 40% after the start of fibrate therapy. There was a concomitant increase of blood urea values (mean 36%) in most of the patients. Renal function returned to baseline in 18/24 patients after fibrate discontinuation. However, six patients, all transplant recipients, experienced a permanent increase in plasma creatinine. The incidence of fibrate-induced renal dysfunction among our series of kidney transplant recipients was 60%, as it occurred in 15 of the 25 patients who had ever taken fibrates. An increase of mean creatinine values during therapy was described in all papers on fenofibrate (n=7) and bezafibrate (n=8) (range 8-18% and 8-40% respectively), and in three of four papers dealing with ciprofibrate (range 6-16%). No significant renal impairment was described in any of the eight articles reporting data on gemfibrozil therapy. CONCLUSION: Therapy with fenofibrate, bezafibrate, and ciprofibrate may induce renal dysfunction. Gemfibrozil appears to be devoid of this side-effect.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11096145&dopt=Abstract
J Psychopharmacol. 2000;14(3):280-3.
Chronic administration of the cholesterol reducing drug gemfibrozil fails to alter 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A mediated receptor behaviours in rats.
McCreary AC, Handley SL.
Research Laboratories of Solvay Pharmaceuticals, The Netherlands.
Some studies have suggested that reductions in plasma cholesterol might be associated with suicidal behaviour. Serotonergic systems are thought to be involved in suicidal ideation and behaviour and links with altered 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors have been proposed. We have therefore examined the effects of cholesterol reduction using gemfibrozil, upon 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptor-related behaviours in rats. Rats were treated chronically (57 days) with gemfibrozil (50 mg/kg p.o.) or gum acacia vehicle and challenged sequentially with the 5-HT1A agonist 8-hydroxy-d-n-aminopropyl tetralin, to elicit 5-HT1A syndrome behaviours, and the 5-HT2 receptor agonist 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)2-amino-propane to establish their head-shake frequency. Significant cholesterol reduction, within the clinical range, failed to induce any changes in either 5-HT1A or 5-HT2A mediated behaviours. These data suggest that cholesterol reduction fails to induce changes in 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor tone suggesting that the reduction of plasma cholesterol, within the human clinical range, does not result in neuroplasticity of the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors in rats.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11106309&dopt=Abstract
aol.com.
Two recently published clinical endpoint trials, Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program High-density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial (VA-HIT) and Atorvastatin Versus Revascularization Treatment (AVERT), studied lipid populations and clinical subgroups not previously evaluated in prior trials. VA-HIT, which used gemfibrozil, resurrected the potential benefits of fibrates in atherosclerotic subjects after previous trials either showed nonsignificant reductions in coronary artery disease (CAD) events or raised questions regarding non-CAD events. This study also raised intriguing questions about mechanisms and reinvigorated the triglyceride-atherothrombotic debate. The latest statin trial, AVERT, helped move the potential use of statins in two directions, addressing whether more LDL-cholesterol reduction is better, and whether lipid lowering offers an alternative to revascularization in certain subgroups. Finally, the design or initiation of a number of innovative and potentially landmark statin, fibrate, or combination studies has been published, or their results made public. The focus is on current gaps in our knowledge as we move toward evidence-based medicine. These include primary and secondary prevention of CAD in the elderly, primary prevention of CAD in persons with diabetes, and primary prevention of stroke.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11122719&dopt=Abstract
online pharmacies ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Amoxicillin ||
Tramadol ||
Paxil ||
Rx Drugs USA, Prescription Drugs Online Pharmacy ||
Zithromax ||
online pharmacy ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||
Antibiotics