Drugs online research references
Circulation. 1995 Jan 1;91(1):23-7.
Anti-cardiolipin antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction in a prospective cohort of middle-aged men.
Vaarala O, Manttari M, Manninen V, Tenkanen L, Puurunen M, Aho K, Palosuo T.
National Public Health Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland.
BACKGROUND: Data concerning the relation between antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies and myocardial infarction in subjects without evidence of overt autoimmune disease are conflicting. All published studies have been performed on survivors of myocardial infarction or in patients with established coronary heart disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the presence of aPL antibodies, namely, anti-cardiolipin (aCL) antibodies, carries a risk for myocardial infarction in a prospective cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: The sera to be studied were drawn at entry from middle-aged dyslipidemic men (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, > or = 5.2 mmol/L) participating in the Helsinki Heart Study, a 5-year coronary primary prevention trial with gemfibrozil. Samples were tested for IgG-class antibodies to cardiolipin by an ELISA. The risk was estimated with logistic regression analysis using a nested case-control design with 133 patients (myocardial infarction or cardiac death) and 133 control subjects, matched for treatment (gemfibrozil/placebo) and geographical area. The aCL antibody level, as expressed in optical density units, was significantly higher in patients than in control subjects (0.417 versus 0.361; P < .005). Subjects with the antibody level in the highest quartile of distribution had a relative risk for myocardial infarction of 2.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.5) compared with the remainder of the population. This risk was independent of confounding factors, such as age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein. There was a correlation between the levels of aCL antibodies and antibodies to oxidized LDL (r = .40, P < .001), and their joint effect was additive for the risk. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective cohort of healthy middle-aged men, the presence of a high aCL antibody level is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction or cardiac death. Antibodies to cardiolipin and oxidized LDL may, at least in part, represent cross-reactive antibody populations.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7805207&dopt=Abstract
Biomed Chromatogr. 1991 Mar;5(2):68-73.
Simultaneous determination of gemfibrozil and its metabolites in plasma and urine by a fully automated high performance liquid chromatographic system.
Nakagawa A, Shigeta A, Iwabuchi H, Horiguchi M, Nakamura K, Takahagi H.
Analytical Research Laboratory, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Sensitive and specific methods for the simultaneous determination of gemfibrozil (Lopid), a lipid-lowering agent, and its metabolites in plasma and urine are described. The methods are based on a fully automated high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) system with fluorescence detection. Urine samples, diluted with acetonitrile, were directly analysed by HPLC using a flow and eluent programming method. In the case of plasma, gemfibrozil and its main metabolites were extracted from acidified samples and the resulting extracts injected into the chromatographic system. The sensitivity was approximately 100 ng/mL for gemfibrozil and its four metabolites using 0.5 mL plasma or urine. An acyl glucuronide of gemfibrozil excreted in human urine after oral administration of the drug was isolated and its structure and stability examined.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1868260&dopt=Abstract
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 1991 Sep;22(4):409-11.
[The effect of gemfibrozil on serum apo C II and C III in diabetic hyperlipidemia]
[Article in Chinese]
Tong N, Liang J.
The effects of gemfibrozil on apolipoproteins C II and C III (apo C II, C III) were observed in 20 NIDDM hyperlipidemic patients. All of the patients continued their anti-diabetic treatment, gemfibrozil 900 mg/day for 4 weeks. The results revealed no significant change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1 before and after the study. But after the treatment with gemfibrozil, the following parameters changed significantly: total cholesterol (TC) decreased by 18.64% (P less than 0.01), total triglyceride (TG) decreased by 65.05% (P less than 0.001), VLDL-C decreased by 63.19% (P less than 0.001), HDL-C increased by 44.23% (P less than 0.001), apo C III decreased by 31.38% (P less than 0.02), and the ratio of apo C III/C II reduced by 35.49% (P less than 0.01). These findings suggest that gemfibrozil has excellent effect on decreasing apo C III and the ratio of apo C III/C II, thus facilitates the metabolism of chylomicron and decreases TG level in hyperlipidemic diabetic patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1814823&dopt=Abstract
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