Drugs online research references
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1991;40(1):33-41.
Comparative studies on the influence of different fibrates on serum lipoproteins in endogenous hyperlipoproteinaemia.
Klosiewicz-Latoszek L, Szostak WB.
National Food and Nutrition Institute, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Warsaw, Poland.
Two trials have been performed in the same patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia Types IIb (12 cases), III (6 cases) and IV (11 cases). In the first study the lipid-lowering properties of bezafibrate, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, etofibrate and etofylline clofibrate were compared and in a separate trial the influence of combined treatment with gemfibrozil plus colestipol and bezafibrate plus probucol on lipoproteins were investigated. The mean percentage lipid-lowering effect of each fibrate on serum and VLDL fraction was significant in the Types IIb, III and IV patients, but there were significant differences between the fibrates. In general, gemfibrozil and bezafibrate decreased plasma lipid levels more than etofibrate and etofylline clofibrate in Type IIb patients. In Type IV cases gemfibrozil and bezafibrate were significantly potent in reducing the triglyceride level than fenofibrate, etofibrate or etofylline clofibrate. All the fibrates produced an increase in HDL cholesterol, but there were significant differences between them were in the Type IV patients. The influence of fibrates on the LDL fraction was much more variable. In hyperlipoproteinaemia Type IIb, a decrease in both LDL cholesterol and LDL apolipoprotein B was observed. In Type III and IV patients, however, an increase in LDL concentration occurred. The addition of colestipol to gemfibrozil therapy led to a further decrease in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and LDL apolipoprotein B in Type IIb patients. In patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia Types III and IV colestipol prevented the increase in LDL concentration after treatment with gemfibrozil alone. The effect of probucol on LDL cholesterol was comparable to that of colestipol. Combined treatment with gemfibrozil and colestipol caused an increase in HDL cholesterol concentration in contrast to combined treatment with bezafibrate and probucol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2060543&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Morphol. 1995 Nov;33(5):421-31.
Modulation of cardiac intermediate filament proteins in the chick heart by fibric acid derivatives.
Aranega AE, Velez MC, Gonzalez FJ, Melguizo C, Prados JC, Aranega A.
Department of Experimental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Jaen, Spain.
The effects of different fibrates (bezafibrate, fenofibrate and gemfibrozil) on intermediate filaments were studied in cultured chick embryo heart cells after treatment for 6 or 24 h. Treatment led to alterations in total protein levels, as well as changes in protein levels, in the cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal fractions of cultured cells. Desmin was increased in the cytoskeletal fraction of all cultures after 6 h of treatment regardless of the drug tested, whereas vimentin was decreased in the cytoskeletal fraction only in cells treated with fenofibrate. These findings suggest that the alterations caused by fibrates in desmin and vimentin protein content may be related with the secondary effects that these drugs have on the cardiovascular system in patients treated with fibrates.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8907555&dopt=Abstract
Atherosclerosis. 1991 Nov;91(1-2):51-61.
Effects of gemfibrozil and ketoconazole on human apolipoprotein AI, B and E levels in two hepatoma cell lines, HepG2 and Hep3B.
Tam SP.
Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Exposure of HepG2 and Hep3B cells to gemfibrozil (40 micrograms/ml), a hypolipidemic drug, resulted in a 2-fold induction of apo AI mRNA and, a one-third reduction in apo B mRNA but had no significant effect on apo E mRNA levels. The hypothesis that the mechanism of action of gemfibrozil involved the cytochrome P-450 system was tested by using ketoconazole, a P-450 inhibitor, which blocks the formation of endogenous polar sterols. When the cells were treated with ketoconazole at a concentration of greater than or equal to 15 microM, the levels of apo AI, and apo B mRNAs decreased by 50% and 35%, respectively, compared to the basal level. No significant effect on apo E mRNA level was observed during ketoconazole treatment. The effects of gemfibrozil and ketoconazole on various apolipoprotein secretion were studied using pulse-chase experiments. It was observed that the selective alterations in the rates of apo AI and apo B production were occurring at the level of synthesis. This observation is consistent with the findings indicating a strong direct correlation between hepatic apolipoprotein mRNA concentration and secreted apolipoprotein levels. The induction of apo AI mRNA by gemfibrozil was not apparent when the cells were simultaneously treated with ketoconazole. However, the level of apo B mRNA was reduced further to less than 55% of the control level suggesting that there might be an additive effect of these two drugs on apo B synthesis.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1811554&dopt=Abstract
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