Drugs online research references
Vnitr Lek. 1997 Apr;43(4):191-4.
[Use of drug therapy in hyperlipidemia in patients after myocardial infarct in the Czech Republic]
[Article in Czech]
Widimsky J, Lanska V, Juran F, Leisser J, Vanek P, Spirek A, Koval Z.
IKEM Praha.
The use of hypolipidemic drugs has been analyzed in 1,113 patients after myocardial infarction using a questionnaire with data entered from the medical records by spa physicians. 80.1% of patients had total cholesterol values > 5.2 mmol/l; mean value being 6.16 +/- 1.08 mmol/l. Mean values of LDL-cholesterol were 4.05 +/- 0.1 mmol/l, of triglycerides 2.01 +/- 1.14 and of HDL-cholesterol 1.26 +/- 0.61 mmol/l. Hypolipidemic drugs were used only in 16.5% patients with total cholesterol values above 7.0 mmol/l, in 14.4% patients with total cholesterol values 6.2-7.0 mmol/l and in 11.4% of patients with cholesterol values 5.2-6.2 mmol/l. Even some patients with cholesterol more than 8.0 mmol/l were not treated by hypolipidemic drugs. The most frequently used drugs were fibrates (phenofibrate, gemfibrozil)--in 89.5% patients. Statins were used only in 7.5% patients receiving hypolipidemic drugs. Our results show that in contrast to the US and European Recommendations for hypolipidemic drug therapy in patients with CHD, this treatment is still infrequently used by Czech cardiologists and internists. This discrepancy is even more apparent when comparing it with other life prognosis improving drug therapies in this group of patients. Antiplatelet drugs, mainly ASA were used in 85.5% patients, beta-blocking drugs in 59.3% patients and ACE inhibitors in 55.9% patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Thus hypolipidemic therapy in CHD is the key problem of drug therapy in patients after myocardial infarction in the Czech Republic.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9601832&dopt=Abstract
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1993;27(1):101-8.
Lipid abnormalities in chronic uremic patients. Response to treatment with gemfibrozil.
Elisaf MS, Dardamanis MA, Papagalanis ND, Siamopoulos KC.
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of loannina, Athens, Greece.
Seventy-four patients with end stage renal failure were studied. Forty-six of them were on hemodialysis (HD) while 28 were on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). In addition 56 nondialysis chronic renal failure (NDCRF) patients with various degree of renal failure were also studied. In all groups serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher and HDL cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Total and LDL cholesterol were significantly higher in the NDCRF and CAPD patients compared to controls. In 55 patients (20 on HD, 13 on CAPD and 22 NDCRF) with severe hypertriglyceridemia or diminished HDL cholesterol gemfibrozil 300 mg b.i.d. per os was given for 6 months. Drug treatment reduced significantly serum triglycerides in all groups of patients and increased the levels of HDL cholesterol in CAPD patients. Moreover, a statistically significant decrease of the levels of total and LDL cholesterol was noticed in HD and NDCRF patients. During treatment no significant side effects were observed and liver and muscle enzymes remained within normal values.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8493456&dopt=Abstract
Arzneimittelforschung. 1998 Apr;48(4):396-402.
Apolipoprotein E*3-Leiden transgenic mice as a test model for hypolipidaemic drugs.
van Vlijmen BJ, Pearce NJ, Bergo M, Staels B, Yates JW, Gribble AD, Bond BC, Hofker MH, Havekes LM, Groot PH.
TNO-PG, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Apolipoprotein (APO) E*3-Leiden mice with impaired chylomicron and VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) remnant metabolism display hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. In the present study, these mice were used for testing the hypolipidaemic effect of two marketed agents, lovastatin (CAS 75330-75-5) and gemfibrozil (CAS 25812-30-0) as well as a novel compound, SB 204990 (the 5-ring lactone of +/-(3R*,5S*) 3-carboxy-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,5-dihydroxyundecanoic acid, CAS 154566-12-8), a potent inhibitor of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis at the level of ATP-citrate lyase. APOE*3-Leiden mice were fed a saturated fat and cholesterol-rich diet supplemented with either 0.05 or 0.1% w/w of lovastatin, 0.1 or 0.2% w/w of gemfibrozil or 0.1 or 0.2% w/w of SB 204990. Lovastatin showed a dose-related decrease in plasma cholesterol levels (up to -20%) due to a lowering of LDL and HDL (low density resp. high density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (-20 and -18%, respectively), while plasma triglyceride levels were unaffected. Gemfibrozil had no effect on plasma total cholesterol levels but gave significant dose-dependent decreases in plasma (VLDL) triglyceride levels (up to -53%). SB 204990 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of plasma cholesterol (up to -29%) by lowering VLDL, LDL and HDL-cholesterol (-50, -20 and -20%, respectively). In addition, a strong dose dependent reduction of plasma (VLDL) triglycerides up to -43% was observed with this compound. Although the effects of gemfibrozil and SB 204990 were not simply explained by changes in a single determinant of VLDL metabolism--no effects of these drugs were seen on post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity, in vivo rate of VLDL synthesis or hepatic apoC-III mRNA levels--APOE*3-Leiden mice were found to give robust hypolipidaemic responses to these test compounds. The responsiveness to hypolipidaemic therapy combined with a clear relationship between aortic lesion size and plasma cholesterol exposure, as demonstrated previously, makes this mouse an attractive model for the testing of anti-atherosclerotic properties of hypolipidaemic drugs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9608883&dopt=Abstract
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