Drugs online research references
Klin Med (Mosk). 1994;72(1):37-41.
[Gemfibrozil in the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders]
[Article in Russian]
Vartanova OA, Aleksandrovskaia TN, Shaldaeva VV.
The study was made of gemfibrozil tolerance and effectivity against atherosclerosis and in correction of lipid metabolism in 20 patients with hyperlipidemia. (11 males and 9 females, a mean age 51 +/- 3.1 years). The assessment of the treatment efficacy was performed clinically, biochemically, using bicycle ergometry exercise. Eight weeks of gemfibrozil treatment in a dose 12-1.8 g/day produced a hypolipidemic effect in 90% of the patients which were mostly of IIb and IV genotypes. The highest efficacy was reported in lowering triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol. In less extent the drug reduced LDL cholesterol. Some of the patients became hypolipidemic by HDL cholesterol. It is concluded that in hyperlipidemic patients gemfibrozil improves the running of atherosclerosis without the effect on angina pectoris.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8196321&dopt=Abstract
Nephron. 1995;70(2):155-70.
Comparison of Lp(a) concentrations and some potential effects in hemodialysis, CAPD, transplantation, and control groups, and review of the literature.
Gault MH, Longerich LL, Purchase L, Harnett J, Breckenridge C.
Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, Health Sciences Centre, St. John's Nfld., Canada.
Apolipoprotein (a)-Lp(a)-is reported to be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease and for hemodialysis (HD) access occlusion. Homology with plasminogen may predispose to thrombosis. High concentrations usually have been reported in patients on HD and on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), but near-normal values in many kidney transplants (TP). We used Pharmacia immunoradiometric assay in 52 patients on HD, 58 on CAPD, 94 after TP, and 56 controls. The Lp(a) mean levels for CAPD, HD, TP, and control groups were 738, 647, 348, and 368 U/l and the medians were 542, 537, 96 and 143 U/l, respectively. The means and medians for CAPD and HD were significantly greater than those for TP and controls (p < 0.003 for means and < 0.005 for medians). We found no significant difference between: (1) Lp(a) means or medians comparing HD and CAPD or TP and controls; (2) Lp(a) means for the 33 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the 171 without; (3) number of occlusions of HD fistulae or grafts in patients with high Lp(a) values and without; (4) mean Lp(a) for CAPD patients on gemfibrozil and also for TP patients on 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzyme 1 reductase inhibitors, or diet alone, before and after treatment, and (5) mean Lp(a) values for HD and CAPD patients with and without myocardial infarction. Lp(a) did not correlate significantly with fractional shortening or left ventricular end systolic or diastolic diameter by echocardiogram or with ejection fraction. For TP patients, Lp(a) and serum creatinine correlated (p = 0.004), and mean Lp(a) for 71 TP on ciclosporin A exceeded that for the other 23 patients (p < 0.03). Lp(a) fell in 13 of 14 patients after TP (mean fall 77%). The dominant Apo(a) isoform in 10 of 13 patients on CAPD or HD with high Lp(a) values was the equivalent of S2 (Utermann). Lp(a) in HD or CAPD is often elevated and regulated by both genetic and renal failure factors, but falls after TP with return of renal function and mainly genetic regulation. Lp(a) was not a risk factor for coronary artery disease in HD or CAPD patients and did not fall significantly with two drugs or diet.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7566298&dopt=Abstract
Atherosclerosis. 1995 Apr 7;114(1):61-71.
Effect of gemfibrozil treatment in hypercholesterolemia on low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass distribution and LDL-cell interaction.
Franceschini G, Lovati MR, Manzoni C, Michelagnoli S, Pazzucconi F, Gianfranceschi G, Vecchio G, Sirtori CR.
Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milano, Italy.
Gemfibrozil, a widely used fibric acid derivative, corrects hypercholesterolemia in a non-negligible fraction of patients. To investigate the mechanism of the cholesterol-lowering activity of fibric acids, a study was performed in 12 type IIa hyperlipidemic patients treated with gemfibrozil for 12 weeks. Changes in low density lipoprotein (LDL) structure and composition, agonist capacity of LDL against the LDL-receptor in human skin fibroblasts, LDL-receptor activity in mononuclear cells, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) activity, were evaluated. Plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels decreased by 17% and 20% after 12 weeks of treatment, the reduction being directly correlated with the baseline levels (r = 0.75 and 0.78, respectively). The mean LDL diameter increased significantly, from 25.5 to 26.1 nm, while the relative content of small LDL particles (< 25.1 nm) increased from 23.4% to 32.8% of total LDL. Neither the apolipoprotein (apo) B secondary structure nor the affinity of LDL for the LDL-receptor of fibroblasts were affected. The LDL-receptor activity in patients' mononuclear cells increased 3-fold, the rise being unrelated to the plasma cholesterol reduction. LCAT activity did not change, while CETP activity was reduced by 25% (P = 0.13) after treatment. These findings indicate that gemfibrozil causes significant changes in LDL structure that do not, however, affect the LDL interaction with peripheral cells.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7605377&dopt=Abstract
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