Drugs online research references
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 21 [Epub ahead of print]
Early detection of drug interactions utilizing a computerized drug prescription handling system-focus on cerivastatin-gemfibrozil.
Morera T, Gervasini G, Carrillo JA, Benitez J.
Drug Surveillance Center of Extremadura, Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas, 06071, Badajoz, Spain.
OBJECTIVES. Based on the recent cerivastatin experience, we retrospectively evaluated the effect of notifying a drug alert utilizing a computerized drug-handling system. METHODS. The evaluation was carried out during three periods: period I corresponded to all prescriptions issued during April, 2001 ("baseline period"), before the Spanish Drug Agency issued alerts on the concomitant therapy with cerivastatin and gemfibrozil; period II (June) corresponded to a time in which a first informative note had been released; and period III (July) after the second warning alert was issued. RESULTS. Data collected included the reading of 2,693,656 drug prescriptions, 1,937,083 (71.9%) of which contained patient information. Forty-four patients received combined therapy with cerivastatin and gemfibrozil over the three periods, yielding 55 exposures: 27 during the baseline period, and 28 between periods II and III, when the alert bulletins had already been released. Moreover, 41.6% of doctors included in the follow-up repeated the hazardous prescription during those two periods. CONCLUSIONS. The effect of the informative notes about the risk of prescribing cerivastatin and gemfibrozil concomitantly on doctors' prescribing habits was limited. The system for screening information from drug prescriptions presented herein allows the early detection of drug interactions by identifying the doctors who issue hazardous prescriptions as well as patients at the highest risk of adverse drug reactions, thus allowing a personal feedback with both of them.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14735257&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
J Chromatogr A. 2003 Dec 22;1021(1-2):133-44.
Determination of acidic pharmaceuticals, antibiotics and ivermectin in river sediment using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Loffler D, Ternes TA.
Bundesanstalt fur Gewasserkunde, P.O. Box 20 02 53, D-56002 Koblenz, Germany.
Analytical methods have been developed for the determination of eight acidic pharmaceuticals and two metabolites, seven antibiotics and the parasiticide ivermectin in a selected river sediment. The sediments were solvent extracted with ultrasonic assistance. A solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up step was performed thereafter. The acidic compounds clofibric acid, diclofenac, fenoprofen, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, naproxen and the parasiticide ivermectin were measured in the negative mode by LC-APCI-tandem MS, whereas the antibiotics clarithromycin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were detected in the positive mode by LC-ESI-tandem MS. Bezafibrate could not be determined in the sediment using the method developed. The limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.4 to 8 ng g(-1) for the acidic pharmaceuticals, sulfadiazine and ivermectin and was 20 ng g(-1) for the other antibiotics.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14735982&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - in process]
J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1995 Mar 24;665(2):345-53.
Biosynthesis, characterisation and direct high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of gemfibrozil 1-O-beta-acylglucuronide.
Sallustio BC, Fairchild BA.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia.
Gemfibrozil 1-O-beta-acylglucuronide was purified from the urine of a volunteer administered gemfibrozil, and an isocratic reversed-phase HPLC method was developed for its direct measurement. Quantitation of gemfibrozil and gemfibrozil 1-O-beta-acylglucuronide was carried out from plasma, following extraction from acidified specimens into ethyl acetate, on a 5-microns CN reversed-phase column with a mobile phase (pH 3.5) containing acetonitrile, tetrabutylammonium sulphate and distilled water, using fluorescence detection at 284 nm excitation and 316 nm emission. Calibration curves were linear for both compounds over a concentration range of 0.1 to 40 mg/l, with intra-assay coefficients of variation < 5% at concentrations of 20.0, 2.0 and 0.2 mg/l, and inter-assay coefficients of variation < 10%. No degradation of gemfibrozil 1-O-beta-acylglucuronide was detected as a result of the analytical procedure. However, a preliminary application of the method indicates that gemfibrozil acylglucuronide is chemically unstable undergoing intra-molecular rearrangement and hydrolysis under physiological conditions.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7795814&dopt=Abstract
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