Drugs online research references
J Hypertens. 1998 Jun;16(6):801-9.
What is the plasma cofactor required by diuretics for direct vascular relaxant effect in vitro?
Abrahams Z, Pang MY, Lam EK, Wright JM.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the plasma cofactor which is required by diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, and furosemide) for direct vasorelaxant effects in vitro. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-control design was used to avoid experimenter bias. METHODS: We plotted concentration-response curves for responses to hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, and furosemide of male Wistar rat aortic rings in the presence of different bath solutions containing various plasma factors. RESULTS: Plasma was found both to make possible and facilitate the vasodilator action of the diuretics tested by an action on the membrane and to decrease the action by binding the diuretics. The diuretics retained their vasorelaxant properties in Krebs solution alone, 30 min after having been incubated in a 50:50 solution of Krebs solution and plasma for 1 h. All four diuretics exerted significant vasorelaxant actions in Krebs solution-plasma, Krebs solution-serum, and Krebs solution plus human or bovine albumin (40 g/l) media. No vasorelaxant action was found in Krebs solution alone, Krebs solution plus denatured plasma, Krebs solution plus egg albumin, and Krebs solution plus insulin. CONCLUSION: Albumin is the main cofactor required by the diuretics tested for direct relaxant action in vitro, and these findings may explain some of the contradictory evidence concerning this action in the literature.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9663920&dopt=Abstract
Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1976;65(4):272-6.
The effect of furosemide on renal blood flow and renal tissue oxygen tension in dogs.
Nuutinen LS, Tuononen S.
The effect of furosemide (2 mg/kg i.v.) on blood flowin the renal artery and the tissue oxygen tension of the renal cortex and medulla was investigated in six dogs. The flow was measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter and the tissue oxygen tension with IBC tissue oxygen electrodes. The flow in the renal artery increased significantly (p less than 0.05) 5-15 minutes after furosemide administration. 40 minutes after the injection the flow had returned to its initial level. The tissue oxygen tension of both the cortex and the medulla showed significant elevation following furosemide administration. The maximum increase of tissue oxygen tension was recorded 10-20 minutes after the injection. The oxygen tension values exceeded the initial level by 22% in the cortex and by 48% (p less than 0.001) in the medulla. Simultaneously, with the changes in oxygen tension, urine output increase considerably and urine osmolality declined. Application of these renal effects of furosemide in clinical work, particularly in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, is discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=970904&dopt=Abstract
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1976 Oct;20(4):395-400.
Effect of furosemide on the renal excretion of digoxin.
Brown DD, Dormois JC, Abraham GN, Lewis K, Dixon K.
Digoxin serum and urine levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 6 subjects (4 patients with heart disease and 2 volunteers without heart disease) who had been maintained on oral digoxin (0.25 or 0.5 mg daily). Observations were made during a 3-day control period and then during 8 days of concomitant digoxin and oral furosemide (40 mg daily) therapy. Serum digoxin levels determined 10 and 24 hr after each dose of digoxin averaged 1.2+/-0.1 ng/ml (M+/-SE) during control and 1.3+/-0.1 during the last 3 days on digoxin and furosemide. The daily urinary excretion of digoxine averaged 51+/-6% of the oral dose during control and 52+/-6 during the entire period of furosemide administration. The renal clearance of digoxin and creatinine averaged 94+/-7 and 87+/-11 ml/min, respectively, during control; corresponding values were 88+/-8 and 85+/-9 for urine collections demonstrating a distinct diuretic effect of furosemide and 87+/-8 and 75+/-10 for urine collections not demonstrating such an effect during diuretic therapy. The results suggest that the diuretic effect of furosemide does not significantly affect the excretion of digoxin
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=975715&dopt=Abstract
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