Drugs online research references
J Pharm Sci. 1990 May;79(5):453-7.
Solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography of torsemide and metabolites from plasma and urine.
March C, Farthing D, Wells B, Besenfelder E, Karnes HT.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Richmond 23298-0581.
Torsemide is a new diuretic drug with a profile of action similar to that of furosemide. The high potency of torsemide results in low dose therapy and causes problems for the pharmacokinetic study of the drug due to low plasma levels. Described here are methods for the analysis of torsemide and two metabolites in plasma and urine using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography. The limits of quantitation are 10 ng/mL for plasma and 20 ng/mL for urine. The relative standard deviations for precision are less than 10% for most analytes at most concentrations in the calibration range. The recoveries from plasma were 94.3, 92.9, and 95.6%, and from urine were 77.5, 66.6, and 76.5% for torsemide and metabolites M1 and M5, respectively. The method was suitable for pharmacokinetic studies. Data from a normal volunteer are presented.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2352168&dopt=Abstract
Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 15;34(12):2157-61.
Inhibition of purified rat liver glutathione S-transferase isozymes by diuretic drugs.
Ahokas JT, Nicholls FA, Ravenscroft PJ, Emmerson BT.
Seven soluble rat liver glutathione S-transferase isozymes were isolated and the inhibition of these isozymes by selected diuretics was investigated using 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as substrate. All isozymes were inhibited to some extent under the experimental conditions used, but there was significant isozyme dependent selectivity of inhibition. The greatest inhibitory effect (over 80%) was found when the phenoxyacetic acid diuretics and indacrynic acid were incubated with glutathione S-transferase 3-3, 3-4 and 4-4. The sulphamoylbenzoic acid diuretics, furosemide and bumetanide, were found to have a lesser effect on the isozymes studies. As glutathione S-transferase are thought to play an important protective role in the various tissues of animals and man, by catalysing the glutathione conjugation of electrophilic drugs and drug metabolites, their inhibition may be toxicologically important.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4004933&dopt=Abstract
J Chromatogr. 1993 Aug 11;617(2):339-43.
Automated high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of furosemide in dog plasma.
Matsuura A, Nagayama T, Kitagawa T.
Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
An automated high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of the diuretic drug furosemide has been established. Dog plasma was injected directly into a two-column system with a BSA-ODS (ODS column coated with bovine serum albumin) precolumn and a C18 analytical column for the separation of furosemide. The two columns were automatically switched. Furosemide remained trapped on the precolumn while proteins were eluted to waste. After column switching, furosemide was washed onto the analytical column and analysed without interference. The greatest advantage of the method is its easy performance without manual sample preparation; it requires no extraction or deproteinization. The method allows determination of 0.1-10 micrograms/ml of furosemide with accuracy and precision comparable with previously reported values. The coefficients of variation obtained from replicate measurements of 1 microgram/ml and 5 micrograms/ml samples were 1.65% and 2.40%, respectively. This method was used to measure the plasma levels of furosemide in beagle dogs to whom the drugs was administered, as a reference, in a toxicological study.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8408403&dopt=Abstract
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