Drugs online research references
Vet Res Commun. 1994;18(5):373-81.
The effects of furosemide and pentoxifylline on the flow properties of equine erythrocytes: in vitro studies.
Weiss DJ, Evanson OA, Geor RJ.
Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
The effects of various concentrations of furosemide and pentoxifylline on equine RBC in vitro were evaluated to facilitate better understanding of the potential effects of these drugs on blood flow properties. Furosemide induced increased mean cell volume (MCV), increased RBC potassium concentration, increased whole blood viscosity, and decreased the RBC filtrability. These data indicate that furosemide may block the RBC membrane transport pathways resulting in potassium and water retention. The increase in size and the resultant decrease in the surface-area-to-volume ratio may have caused the impaired RBC filtrability and increased blood viscosity. Pentoxifylline improved RBC filtrability without changing the RBC size or the potassium or chloride concentrations, suggesting that pentoxifylline may increase the deformability of the RBC membrane. The study indicated that pentoxifylline has potential therapeutic applications for improving microvascular blood flow but that furosemide may have adverse effects on blood flow.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7863609&dopt=Abstract
Fiziol Zh SSSR Im I M Sechenova. 1978 Mar;64(3):315-22.
[Ion excretion by the rat kidney in depressed reabsorption in proximal tubule and ascending protion of the loop of Henle]
[Article in Russian]
Shakhmatova EI, Natochin IuV, Pinegin LE, Sokolova MM, Tibekina LM.
Simultaneous suppression of reabsorption in the proximal tubule with the aid of polyethylenglucole 400 (PEG) and in ascending part of Henle's loop with furosemide increased diuresis by 121 times and natri-uresis by 242 times on the average. The increase was based on changes in the tubule reabsorption and secretion. The changes of sodium and calcium excretion as well as excretion of potassium and magnesium were parallel. Excretion of sodium and calcium was lesser than the diuresis while that of magnesium and potassium exceeded it. Furosemide reduced the reabsorption of osmotically free water.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=648662&dopt=Abstract
J Pharm Sci. 1985 Jun;74(6):603-7.
Urinary protein binding, kinetics, and dynamics of furosemide in nephrotic patients.
Smith DE, Hyneck ML, Berardi RR, Port FK.
The urinary protein binding, kinetics, and dynamics of furosemide were studied in five nephrotic patients after intravenous dosing. Serial plasma and urine samples containing furosemide were analyzed by HPLC, and drug binding to plasma and urinary proteins was determined using equilibrium dialysis techniques. In comparison to data reported previously in healthy subjects, the steady-state volumes of distribution and nonrenal plasma clearances were significantly increased in nephrotic patients, reflecting the reduced binding of furosemide to plasma proteins. Although there was no significant difference in renal clearance between these two groups, the unbound renal clearance of furosemide was significantly reduced in nephrotic patients even when compensated for by the number of functioning nephrons. Furosemide was extensively bound to urinary protein (19.6-78.4%), and the binding was dependent on the degree of proteinuria. Nevertheless, dose-response analyses, in which the response was represented by sodium excretion rate and the dose by urinary excretion rate of unbound drug, demonstrated that nephrotic patients were less responsive to equivalent amounts of unbound diuretic as compared to healthy subjects.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4020645&dopt=Abstract
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