Drugs online research references
Pediatr Nephrol. 1996 Aug;10(4):458-60.
Functional renal maturation in rat neonates after prenatal exposure to furosemide.
Mallie JP, Boudzoumou P.
Laboratoire de Nephrologie, Faculte de Medicine de Nancy, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France.
We investigated the pattern of functional renal maturation and electrolyte handling on postnatal day 1, (PD1), day 5 (PD5), and day 12 (PD12) in rat neonates, after mothers were given furosemide during pregnancy. The drug was administered (75 mg/kg per day i.p.) on day 7-11 (organogenesis) and 14-18 (nephrogenesis) of gestation. On PD1 and PD5, there was a disturbance of the urinary concentrating ability with a hyperdiuresis and an over-stimulated ionic exchange, mainly the distal sodium reabsorption. From PD1 to PD12, a progressive functional recovery in electrolyte handling appeared. However, on PD12, when nephrogenesis was achieved, the renal concentrating defect remained. We discuss the possibility of a drug-induced delay in the development of the loop of Henle, leading to functional and morphological adaptations of already developed parts of the nephron.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8865243&dopt=Abstract
J Neurosci Res. 1996 Nov 1;46(3):294-304.
Intracellular pH regulation in cultured microglial cells from mouse brain.
Faff L, Ohlemeyer C, Kettenmann H.
Max Delbruck Center for Moleculare Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, Berlin-Buch, Germany.
Intracellular pH (pHi) and the mechanisms of pHi regulation have been investigated in cultured microglial cells from mouse brain using the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). Cells were acidified by a pulse of NH4+ (4-5 min; 20 mM) and the subsequent pHi recovery from an acidification was studied. In HCO3(-)-free saline, pH regulation was dependent on extracellular [Na+] and sensitive to amiloride, indicating the involvement of the Na+/H+ exchanger. In HCO3(-)-containing solution 2 mM amiloride slowed but did not block pHi recovery; the recovery however was dependent on extracellular [Na+] and sensitive to 0.3 mM DIDS, suggesting the presence of Na+/HCO3 cotransporter and/or Na(+)-dependent Cl-/HCO3-exchanger. The involvement of a Na-dependent Cl-/HCO3-exchanger was inferred from the observation that removal of Cl- or application of 1 mM furosemide decreased but did not block the recovery rate. Increasing [K+]0 resulted in an alkalinization by a process that was neither HCO3- nor Na(+)-dependent, nor DIDS- and amiloride-inhibitable. In conclusion, microglial cells express a distinct set of pH regulatory carriers which control for a defined level of pHi. An increase in [K+]0 can offset this level.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8933368&dopt=Abstract
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1981;56(3-4):167-81.
Intracranial hypertension and brain oedema in albino rabbits. Part 2: Effects of acute therapy with diuretics.
Millson C, James HE, Shapiro HM, Laurin R.
Increased intracranial pressure due to brain oedema was produced in albino rabbits by combining a cryogenic lesion in the left hemisphere with the intraperitoneal administration of 6-aminonicotinamide (cytotoxic agent). The most effective reduction in ICP (74%) was achieved when furosemide and mannitol were used in combination. When either mannitol or furosemide was employed alone, the average ICP reduction was approximately 53%. Peak ICP reduction occurred at 45 minutes with furosemide, 30 minutes with mannitol and furosemide combined, and at 60 minutes with a combination of mannitol and acetazolamide. Also studied simultaneously in these animals were investigated elastance (Em), brain water content, hemispheric water volume content, electrolytes, EEG, and gross pathology. Following therapy there was a statistically significance reduction of water content in the left hemisphere (cryogenic lesion) by all therapeutic modalities except with furosemide alone. In the right hemisphere the water content was reduced by furosemide and the furosemide-mannitol combination but not by the association of mannitol with acetazolamide. A significant decrease of brain sodium was noted only for the combination of mannitol and furosemide. This study indicates that effective reduction of cytotoxic-cryogenic brain oedema and intracranial hypertension can be obtained with a variety of diuretic agents. From the standpoint of tissue dehydration, restoration of tissue electrolyte balance, and rate of ICP reduction, the combination of furosemide-mannitol appears to offer advantages over furosemide alone, or acetazolamide-mannitol.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6791466&dopt=Abstract
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