Drugs online research references
J Pharmacobiodyn. 1983 Sep;6(9):684-91.
Clinical pharmacokinetics and diuretic effect of furosemide in plain tablet and retard capsule with normal subjects and cirrhotic patients.
Uchino K, Isozaki S, Amano J, Tanaka N, Saitoh Y, Nakagawa F, Tamura Z, Oka H.
The dissolution profiles of furosemide in various solutions were studied with plain tablet and retard capsule of furosemide. The rate constant and percent dissolution in retard capsule were lower than that in plain tablet. Clinical pharmacokinetics and diuretic effect of furosemide after oral administration of two dosage forms were also studied with 3 normal subjects and 3 cirrhotic patients. In normal subjects, the extent of furosemide absorption from retard capsule was 45% of plain tablet. The daily urine volume after oral administration of two dosage forms was comparable, however, quite different profiles were observed between these dosage forms. In patients, the extent of furosemide absorption in retard capsule was one half that of plain tablet. The dose of retard capsule was increased without adverse reactions, thus decreasing of ascites, which was not observed with plain tablet, was achieved with increasing urine volume.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6655548&dopt=Abstract
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1994;106(13):422-5.
[Disodium pamidronate (APD) in therapy of hypercalcemia in primary hyperparathyroidism]
[Article in German]
Kotzmann H, Svoboda T, Bernecker P, Clodi M, Woloszczuk W, Niederle B, Waldhausl W, Luger A.
Klinische Abteilung fur Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitat Wien.
The established pre-operative therapy for severe hypercalcemia caused by primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), i.e., rehydration with saline in combination with furosemide, calcitonin and hydrocortisone, rarely leads to satisfactory results. We examined the effect of pamidronate (APD, 45-60 mg), a diphosphonate of the 2nd generation in 6 patients (4 female, 2 male) with severe hypercalcemia caused by pHPT. Prior administration of saline, furosemide, calcitonin and oral diphosphonates of the 1st and 2nd generation had failed and the patients still suffered from symptoms of hypercalcemia. APD reduced serum calcium levels in all patients: values reached the normal range (2.1-2.6 mmol/l) in 3 patients, the upper normal range in 2 patients and fell transiently into the subnormal range in 1 patient. In parallel to the decreasing calcium levels a marked increase in PTH was registered in 4 out of 6 patients. One patient with an adenoma showed no change in PTH levels, whereas one patient with hyperplasia of 5 parathyroid glands showed a significant decrease in PTH. These results confirm the potent hypocalcemic effect of pamidronate even in patients whose serum calcium could not be reduced by other conservative therapeutic strategies. Thus, pamidronate is an effective drug in the treatment of the pre-operative phase of hypercalcemia caused by pHPT.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8091766&dopt=Abstract
Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 28;154(4):417-23.
Modifiable risk factors for incident heart failure in the coronary artery surgery study.
Hoffman RM, Psaty BM, Kronmal RA.
Medical Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wash.
BACKGROUND: Even with aggressive treatment, heart failure is associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality. This poor prognosis has led to increasing interest in primary prevention, and the identification of modifiable risk factors. Our objective was to determine whether modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose level, cholesterol level, weight, and smoking, were independent risk factors for heart failure in patients with anatomically confirmed coronary artery disease. METHODS: We studied all patients with documented coronary artery disease eligible for the multicenter, randomized-controlled Coronary Artery Surgery Study. After excluding 79 prevalent cases, we identified incident cases of heart failure using hospital discharge abstracts, mortality records, or self-reported follow-up questionnaires. Criteria for self-reported cases were treatment with digitalis and/or furosemide plus two or more heart failure symptoms, including dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, or edema. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted relative risks. RESULTS: At 12-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of heart failure was 20.6%. Smoking (relative risk, 1.47) and weight (relative risk, 1.15/10 kg) were independently associated with incident heart failure. Myocardial infarction during follow-up, age, female sex, and baseline left ventricular dysfunction were also risk factors for heart failure. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with stable coronary artery disease are at high risk for developing heart failure, especially following myocardial infarction. However, interventions aimed at smoking cessation and weight reduction may prevent clinical heart failure in these patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8117174&dopt=Abstract
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