Drugs online research references
Neurosci Lett. 1987 Feb 24;74(2):211-6.
Chloride transport blockers inhibit the chloride-dependent glutamate binding to rat brain membranes.
Recasens M, Pin JP, Bockaert J.
The effects of a series of chloride transport blockers (ethacrynate, furosemide, torasemide, 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic acid stilbene and diphenylcarboxylate) on Cl(-)-dependent L-[3H]glutamate (Glu) binding were tested in rat brain membranes, Cl-transport blockers inhibit the Ca2+/Cl(-)-induced increase in L-[3H]Glu binding, some of them without affecting the Ca2+/Cl(-)-independent L-[3H]Glu binding. Increasing the medium osmolarity by augmenting the sucrose concentration also inhibited the Ca2+/Cl(-)-induced increase in L-[3H]Glu binding. The effects of both sucrose and Cl-transport blockers were not additive, suggesting that they acted on the same type of mechanism. We recently suggested that L-[3H]Glu binding to brain membranes corresponds to Glu uptake in membrane vesicles. Therefore we propose that the Cl-transport blockers inhibit a Cl(-)-dependent Glu accumulation into these vesicles.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2883610&dopt=Abstract
J Physiol. 1986 Sep;378:287-312.
The role of anion transport in the passive movement of lead across the human red cell membrane.
Simons TJ.
Passive Pb transport across the red cell membrane has been studied by measuring Pb uptake from Pb-buffered solutions into resealed ghosts containing EGTA. Over 90% of Pb uptake occurs by a pathway which is inhibited by drugs which block anion transport. The order of effectiveness is 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS) and 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (SITS) greater than phloretin greater than furosemide and bumetanide. Ouabain and cytochalasin B are ineffective. This implicates the anion-exchange mechanism in Pb uptake. The rate of Pb uptake by this route is directly proportional to external Pb2+ and HCO3- concentrations, and inversely proportional to the H+ concentration. These findings suggest that Pb transport depends on the formation of PbCO3 in solution. Pb transport depends upon the presence of a second anion. In the presence of HCO3-, the rate is stimulated in the order ClO4- less than NO3- and CH3CO2- less than F- less than Cl- less than Br- less than I-. The temperature dependence of Pb uptake is similar to that of HCO3-(-)Cl- exchange. Changes in membrane potential appear to influence Pb transport. The effects are small and somewhat variable, but in general a negative internal potential accelerates uptake and reduces exit. A positive internal potential reduces uptake and accelerates exit. These results suggest that Pb is transported on the anion exchanger. Exchange of PbCO3 for a monovalent anion best fits the experimental data, although transport of a ternary PbCO3(-)anion- complex is a possibility.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3025431&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Pediatr. 1988 Nov;148(2):148-51.
Renal handling of magnesium in transplanted children under cyclosporin A treatment.
Krull F, Hoyer PF, Offner G, Brodehl J.
Abteilung fur Stoffwechsel- und Nierenerkrankungen, Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany.
We investigated the renal handling of magnesium in 12 transplanted children under cyclosporin A treatment during the early period after transplantation. We also studied 30 children treated with cyclosporin A 2 years after renal transplantation and compared the results with those of 22 children treated with azathioprine and prednisolone 2-4 years after transplantation. Twenty-two children with chronic renal failure and 10 healthy children served as controls. During the 1st week after transplantation, the mean serum magnesium level dropped to 0.54 +/- 0.14 mmol/l and was accompanied by a high fractional magnesium clearance. During this period two patients showed generalized convulsions. After magnesium substitution, serum levels increased gradually and normalized 4 months later. Fractional magnesium clearance remained slightly elevated due to lower glomerular filtration rates. One to four years after transplantation there were no statistically significant differences in serum levels, clearance, excretion and fractional clearance of magnesium between patients treated with cyclosporin A and those receiving azathioprine. There was a linear regression between magnesium clearance and creatinine clearance and an inverse exponential correlation between fractional magnesium clearance and creatinine clearance. We conclude that cyclosporin A treatment after transplantation has no major effect on the renal handling of magnesium in kidney transplants. The observed changes in serum magnesium levels and fractional clearance are probably due to tubular cell damage early after transplantation and to high doses of furosemide.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3069471&dopt=Abstract
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