Drugs online research references
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1991;9(4):323-33.
Optimization of selectivity in micellar chromatographic procedures for the determination of drugs in urine by direct injection.
Love LJ, Fett JJ.
Department of Chemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079.
Selectivity was optimized for the determination of drugs in urine by direct injection micellar chromatography through changes in specific mobile phase parameters. The role of mobile phase pH and the type of surfactant used for mobile phase preparation was investigated. The retention of the urine matrix was found to be minimal between pH 5.5 and 7.5. The non-ionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene 23 lauryl ether (Brij 35), was found to be the surfactant of choice for the separation of drugs from urine. Favourable retention of both the urine background and the analyte was achieved with this surfactant. Micellar mobile phases of optimal composition were used to develop chromatographic procedures for the determination of furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide and propranolol in urine. Good accuracy (98-102% of drug recovered), precision (1-4% RSD) and linearity were obtained for all methods. Limits of detection for all drugs were adequate.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1911985&dopt=Abstract
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1991;481:551-5.
Otoneurological findings in inner ear syphilis.
Kobayashi H, Mizukoshi K, Watanabe Y, Nagasaki T, Ito M, Aso S.
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Eighty-one ears in 48 patients who had had ear syphilis for the past ten years were studied and otoneurological examinations reviewed. Twenty-five of 48 cases complained of vertigo, 13 of giddiness and/or unsteadiness, and 10 cases denied dizziness. Approximately one half of the patients had abnormal findings on primary equilibrium examinations, such as Mann's test and stepping test. Spontaneous nystagmus and positional nystagmus were frequently seen on electronystagmographic examinations. Many patients showed abnormal responses to the bithermal caloric test and pendular rotation (VOR) test. Moreover, 5 of 8 patients had positive furosemide VOR tests. On transtympanic electrocochleography, 13 of 22 ears demonstrated a dominant -SP response. Eleven of 26 ears had positive findings on an intravenously administered glycerol test. In conclusion, some cases of inner ear syphilis show the characteristic findings of endolymphatic hydrops.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1927468&dopt=Abstract
Kidney Int. 1990 Nov;38(5):862-8.
Glomerular angiotensinase A in the rat: increase of enzyme activity following renal ablation.
Wolf G, Thaiss F, Scherberich JE, Schoeppe W, Stahl RA.
Department of Medicine, University of Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany.
Angiotensinase A (aminopeptidase A; ATA) is an angiotensin II splitting exopeptidase, which is localized in endothelial and epithelial cells of the glomerular tuft. In order to investigate the influence of a reduction in renal mass on enzyme activity, ATA activity was measured in isolated rat glomeruli five and 14 weeks after 1-1/3 nephrectomy. Glomerular ATA activity in remnant kidneys increased significantly after five weeks following ablation compared with glomeruli of two kidney control rats (5.34 +/- 4.02 vs. 1.71 +/- 1.96 mU/mg protein, P less than 0.05). After 14 weeks, however, this difference was no longer present. Treatment of rats with enalapril or saralasin inhibited the increase of ATA seen five weeks after renal ablation, whereas indomethacin had no effect on enzyme activity. Furthermore, normal two kidney rats, treated with furosemide, revealed a higher glomerular ATA than two kidney controls (5.5 +/- 2.64 vs. 2.1 +/- 1.7 mU/mg protein, P less than 0.05). In vitro superfusion of isolated glomeruli with enalaprilate or furosemide from rats after renal ablation did not influence enzyme activity, however, superfusion with 0.05 mM angiotensin II or 0.05 mM saralasin significantly reduced ATA. Our results suggest that glomerular ATA might be involved in the early regulation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system and could modify glomerular adaptation to reduce renal mass by affecting angiotensin II degradation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2266670&dopt=Abstract
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