Drugs online research references
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;18 Suppl 2:209S-214S.
Effect of converting enzyme inhibition by enalapril on sodium homeostasis in the rat.
Jover B, Mimran A.
The effect of oral treatment with the converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on sodium homeostasis was investigated in the rat. Treatment by enalapril prior to and during a 6 day period following abrupt suppression of dietary Na+ was associated with a sodium wasting state (urinary Na+ always exceeded intake during the observation period) and blunting by 90% of the aldosterone response to Na+ restriction In rats on chronic low Na+ intake, enalapril produced a slight, transient natriuresis together with a marked increase in drinking volume. In Na+ replete rats, enalapril had no influence on sodium balance. Converting enzyme inhibition markedly impaired the systemic and renal response to Na restriction and enalapril had no natriuretic effect in the Na+ replete state.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6099736&dopt=Abstract
Hiroshima J Med Sci. 1998 Sep;47(3):121-4.
Effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on post-transplant erythrocytosis.
Marubayashi S, Yamamoto H, Shibata S, Fudaba Y, Miyata Y, Fukuma K, Okada K, Hinoi T, Ikeda M, Maeda T, Oshiro Y, Dohi K.
Second Department of Surgery, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
Post-transplant erythrocytosis (PTE) is increasingly recognized as a complication of kidney transplantation. In this study we report the effect of the angiotesin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril on hematocrit (Ht) and erythropoietin in four patients with PTE. Four renal allograft recipients with Ht greater than 51% were studied. Treatment was initiated with enalapril administered orally at a dose of 2.5 mg/day. All the patients had an increase of hemoglobin (Hb) (17.7 +/- 0.64 g/dl), Ht (54.5 +/- 1.29%) and red blood cell count (RBC) (584 +/- 19.2 x 10(4)/microliter). All patients responded to enalapril in 8 weeks with a significant decrease of Hb, Ht, and RBC. In one patient, the downward trend was more rapid and sustained, and treatment had to be discontinued to prevent the development of anemia. Serum erythropoietin showed normal in all four patients and remained unchanged during the study, even after discontinuation of enalapril treatment. Serum creatinine remained relatively stable throughout the study. These results suggest that PTE may not be dependent upon circulating erythropoietin and that enalapril treatment may be an effective treatment of PTE without renal dysfunction.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9810784&dopt=Abstract
Ann Ital Med Int. 1994 Oct;9 Suppl:16S-18S.
[The role of ACE inhibitors in heart failure. Lessons of CONSENSUS, SOLVD and V-HeFTII]
[Article in Italian]
Dessi-Fulgheri P, Paci MV, Rappelli A.
Istituto di Medicina Clinica, Universita degli Studi di Ancona.
Heart failure is today one of the most serious health problems of modern industrialized societies. The increase in the mean age of the population is an additional factor which favours a high incidence of episodes of heart failure. Age is also a relevant factor in mortality linked with heart failure. On this basis more emphasis has been given by researchers and physicians to improve a preventive and therapeutic approach to heart failure. For many years the pharmacological treatment of heart failure patients was based on the increase in inotropism through the digitalis and on the reduction in sodium-water retention through diuretics, while less importance was given to the improvement of the afterload. We have had knowledge of vasodilatory drugs in chronic heart failure for at least 20 years but only 10 years ago with the Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trial (V-HeFTI), it was proved that the combination of hydralazine and nitrates in addition to the conventional treatment, improved the survival of patients affected by moderate-severe heart failure. With the advent of the ACE-inhibitors, in the '80s, the first studies concerning the role of such drugs in heart failure were carried out. In the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS I) it was proved for the first time that an ACE-inhibitor (enalapril), added to the conventional heart failure therapy, improved the survival of patients with severe congestive heart failure (NYHA class IV). The result was so extraordinary that the study was interrupted for ethical reasons. However, it has raised a considerable interest in the study of the ACE-inhibitors in heart failure and now it has been proved that such drugs are a milestone in a correct pharmacological approach to heart failure.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7857751&dopt=Abstract
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