Drugs online research references
J Hum Hypertens. 1989 Dec;3(6):419-25.
Doxazosin, a new alpha-1-antagonist drug, controls hypertension without causing airways obstruction in asthma and COPD.
Biernacki W, Flenley DC.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Edinburgh, City Hospital, Scotland, UK.
The treatment of systemic hypertension in patients with coexisting chronic airflow limitation is difficult. Even a 'cardioselective' beta-blocker potentially can increase airflow limitation. However it is very unlikely that alpha 1 blockers can bronchoconstrict. We have therefore evaluated the efficacy and safety of doxazosin, a new orally active selective alpha 1 blocker, in patients with systemic hypertension with concomitant airflow limitation. We studied 21 patients (11M, 10F) whose diastolic blood pressure was 95-114 mmHg and FEV1 22-73% of predicted. In the 19 patients who completed the study the dose of doxazosin to achieve satisfactory control of the systemic hypertension lay between 1 and 16 mg (mean 6 +/- 3.6 mg). This doxazosin dosage reduced the diastolic blood pressure on average from 103 to 91 mmHg (P = 0.0001). However this produced no significant changes in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) over the days of the study (P greater than 0.05). The mean variations in PEFR both 'day to day' (P less than 0.001) and 'within day' (P less than 0.002) were reduced during doxazosin therapy, and FEV1 rose on average from 1.6 to 1.7 (P less than 0.05). We conclude that doxazosin is an effective oral antihypertensive drug, which does not exacerbate pre-existing airflow limitation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2575174&dopt=Abstract
J Hum Hypertens. 1989 Dec;3 Suppl 2:69-73; discussion 74.
Metabolic changes during antihypertensive therapies.
Krone W, Nagele H.
Medizinische Kernklinik und Poliklinik, Universitats-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg, West Germany.
There is controversy whether various classes of antihypertensive drugs can reduce significantly cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in primary prevention. A failure to show this in many studies was attributed, at least in part, to deleterious effects of these drugs on lipid metabolism. Especially adrenergic antihypertensives cause marked effects on lipoprotein levels in plasma. A review of the literature revealed that beta-blockers increase triglycerides and VLDL (very low density lipoprotein)-cholesterol and may lower plasma HDL (high density lipoprotein) levels. In contrast alpha 1-adrenergic inhibitors like prazosin, doxazosin and terazosin lower triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL (low density lipoprotein)- and VLDL-cholesterol and increase plasma HDL levels. The mechanisms by which alpha- and beta-blockers may produce the observed effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins are not well understood. It has been shown in our laboratory that the activity of the LDL receptor of peripheral cells, a major determinant of cholesterol levels in plasma, is regulated by catecholamines via alpha 2- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors. Accordingly, blockade of these adrenoceptors with alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists can reverse the catecholamine effect. In addition these agents may affect lipoprotein lipase, lecithin cholesteryl acyltransferase and cholesterol ester hydrolase. These data may explain, at least in part, the plasma effects. However, long-term studies are needed to clarify the clinical value of antihypertensives with different metabolic profiles.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2575177&dopt=Abstract
J Hypertens Suppl. 1989 Dec;7(6):S290-1.
Plethysmographic effects of doxazosin in essential hypertensive patients.
Mozzato MG, Buzzaccarini F, Casolino P, Valle R, Serena L, Rubino N, Casiglia E, Semplicini A, Pessina AC.
Clinica Medica I, University of Padua, Italy.
In the treatment of hypertensive patients with peripheral vascular disease, alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockers may be considered first-choice drugs since they reduce the total peripheral resistance and do not decrease the plasma volume. As a preliminary step, we investigated the plethysmographic effects of doxazosin (1-8 mg for 6 weeks) on calf flow in 32 uncomplicated hypertensive patients. Despite the fall in sitting and standing blood pressure (from 163 +/- 18/101 +/- 6 to 147 +/- 19/94 +/- 8 mmHg and from 162 +/- 18/107 +/- 9 to 145 +/- 18/95 +/- 8 mmHg, respectively; both P less than 0.001) the calf flow was not decreased at rest and after ischaemia. Resting resistance was not significantly reduced (from 49.5 +/- 35 to 38.9 +/- 33 mmHg/100 ml per min) but its fall was significantly correlated with the fall in mean blood pressure (rs = 0.35, P less than 0.05). These findings confirm that doxazosin may be useful in the treatment of hypertension complicated by peripheral artery disease.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2576669&dopt=Abstract
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