Drugs online research references
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Apr;29(4):675-80.
In vitro activity of Ro 23-6240, a new fluorinated 4-quinolone.
Chin NX, Brittain DC, Neu HC.
The in vitro activity of Ro 23-6240 (AM833), 6,8-difluoro-1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7(4-methyl-1-piper azinyl) quinolone-3-carboxylic acid, was compared with those of norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Ro 23-6240 inhibited the majority of Enterobacteriaceae isolates at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml. It was especially active against Shigella sp., Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, and Yersinia enterocolitica, with an MIC for 90% of the strains of less than or equal to 0.12 microgram/ml. The MIC for 90% of the strains was 1 microgram/ml for Serratia marcescens and 8 micrograms/ml for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Staphylococcus aureus isolates, including methicillin-resistant strains, were inhibited by less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. Streptococcal and anaerobic species were inhibited by 8 to 16 micrograms/ml. Ro 23-6240 inhibited beta-lactamase-producing bacteria resistant to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. The overall activity of Ro 23-6240 was similar to those of enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin, but less than that of ciprofloxacin. The frequency of spontaneous resistance was low, although resistant bacteria could be isolated by repeated subculture. The activity of Ro 23-6240 was decreased in the presence of magnesium at concentrations similar to those present in urine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3085584&dopt=Abstract
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1988 May;36(5):357-60.
[In vitro antibacterial activity of piperacillin/quinolone combinations]
[Article in French]
Soussy CJ, Leclercq R, Duval J.
CHU Henri Mondor, Service de Bacteriologie, Creteil.
Combinations of piperacillin (PIP) with 3 systemic fluoroquinolones: pefloxacin (PEF), ofloxacin (OFL) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) were evaluated by checkerboard technique (bacteriostatic activity) and by time-killing curve technique (bactericidal activity as a function of time) for 4 bacterial strains with following MICs (micrograms/ml): 1 E. coli (PIP: 1, PEF: 0.12, OFL: 0.06, CIP: 0.016); 1 S. marcescens (0.25, 0.06, 0.06, 0.016); 2 P. aeruginosa (2, 1, 0.5, 0.12 and 4, 2, 2, 0.25). Bacteriostatic activity of the 3 combinations showed only different or additive effects (index FIC: 0.62 to 1.5). If the bactericidal activity was defined as a less than or equal to 3 log 10 decrease in CFU/ml in 3-6 h and less than or equal to 4 log 10 in 6-24 h, PIP was not bactericidal at MIC x 8 for all strains; nevertheless, combinations of PIP 2 + PEF 0.25, OFL 0.12 or CIP 0.016 on E. coli and PIP 1 + PEF 0.25, OFL 0.25 or CIP 0.06 on S. marcescens showed bactericidal activity, superior to each antibiotic singly. For P. aeruginosa a less than or equal to 4 log 10 decrease in 6-24 h was observed only in combination with PIP 16 + PEF 1, OFL 1 or CIP 0.25 and PIP 32 + PEF 4, OFL 4 or CIP 0.5. Combinations of PIP with quinolones showed synergistic effects: bactericidal activity was more rapid and prolonged with such combinations at concentrations near MICs and obtained with usual therapeutic doses.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3136421&dopt=Abstract
Ther Drug Monit. 1997 Feb;19(1):98-9.
False-positive EMIT II opiates from ofloxacin.
Meatherall R, Dai J.
Department of Biochemistry, St. Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Canada.
The cross-reactivities of four quinolone antibiotics--ofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid--toward the EMIT II Opiates enzyme immunoassay were examined. Drug-free urine was spiked with the individual drugs up to 5,000 mg/L. Only ofloxacin showed potential for causing a false-positive opiates immunoassay screening result (apparent morphine > 300 micrograms/L). The method produced a positive opiate result at an ofloxacin concentration of 200 mg/L, a 0.16% cross-reactivity. Three hospitalized patients taking therapeutic doses of ofloxacin all gave false-positive EMIT II Opiates urine screening results. Three patients taking norfloxacin and three patients taking ciprofloxacin gave true-negative urine screening results. False-positive results were also obtained from the urines of two volunteers who each consumed a single 400-mg ofloxacin pill.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9029757&dopt=Abstract
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