Drugs online research references
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1986 Nov;18 Suppl D:179-85.
Oral ciprofloxacin therapy of infection caused by multiply resistant bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Scully BE, Neu HC.
Of 125 patients treated with ciprofloxacin at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, 34 had infections due to bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The mean age of the patients was 50 years (19-88 years) and most had significant underlying disease. There were nine lower respiratory infections, eight urinary tract infections, eight soft tissue infections, three osteomyelitis, and three intra-abdominal infections. The pathogens were: Escherichia coli, 7 (mean MIC 0.07 mg/l); Serratia marcescens, 6 (0.2 mg/l); Enterobacter spp., 5 (0.1 mg/l); Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 (0.1 mg/l); Proteus mirabilis, 3 (0.06 mg/l); Cutrobacter freundii, 2 (0.06 mg/l), Staphylococcus aureus, 3 (0.5 mg/l); and one each of Acinetobacter anitratus. Haemophilus, influenzae, Salmonella enteritidis, Flavobacterium meningosepticum, and Streptococcus faecalis. Of these organisms 81% were resistant to ampicillin, 70% to carbenicillin, 22% to gentamicin, 49% to cefazolin and cephalexin, and 25% to cotrimoxazole. Ten patients had concomitant Ps. aeruginosa infections. Patients were treated orally with 500 mg or 750 mg ciprofloxacin every 12 h. The overall clinical response rate was 88%, and the bacteriological response 76%, and 65% if Ps. aeruginosa is included. Resistance to ciprofloxacin developed in one Staph. aureus and one Ser. marcescens (MIC greater than 2 mg/l). Toxicity was minor. Ciprofloxacin was effective and safe therapy of infections due to Gram-negative bacteria resistant to many of the currently available oral and parenteral agents.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3804906&dopt=Abstract
J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1995 Jul 21;669(2):372-6.
Simultaneous determination of theophylline, enoxacin and ciprofloxacin in human plasma and saliva by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Zhai S, Korrapati MR, Wei X, Muppalla S, Vestal RE.
Clinical Pharmacology and Gerontology Research Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, ID 83702, USA.
A simple reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of theophylline, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin in plasma and saliva. The biological fluid samples were extracted with methylene chloride-isopropyl alcohol prior to isocratic chromatography on a Waters C18 mu Bondapak column. Ultraviolet detection was carried out at 268 nm. The assay is linear for ciprofloxacin and enoxacin (0.05-10 micrograms/ml), and theophylline (0.1-20 micrograms/ml). The assay can be used to investigate the interaction of these two fluoroquinolones with theophylline.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7581914&dopt=Abstract
J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Aug 19;658(2):341-8.
Simultaneous determination of enrofloxacin and its primary metabolite ciprofloxacin in bovine milk and plasma by ion-pairing liquid chromatography.
Tyczkowska KL, Voyksner RD, Anderson KL, Papich MG.
Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606.
A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in bovine milk and plasma. Sample preparation consisted of mixing equal volumes of milk or plasma with acetonitrile-0.1 M sodium hydroxide (1:1, v/v), followed by ultrafiltration through 3000 Da molecular mass cut-off filters. Separation of these two fluoroquinolones in milk or plasma ultrafiltrate was accomplished by ion-pairing liquid chromatography using a reversed-phase analytical column eluted with acetonitrile-methanol-water. Ultraviolet absorbance of the column effluent was monitored over the 230-350 nm range with a photodiode-array detector (lambda max 278 nm). Recoveries of enrofloxacin from bovine milk and plasma were 92-107% and 80-84%, respectively. Recoveries of ciprofloxacin from bovine milk and plasma were 92-105% and 73-75%, respectively. The limit of detection for the two compounds was 5 ng/ml. Enrofloxacin was administered intravenously to a lactating cow at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. Enrofloxacin was detected in milk within 15 min after injection and the metabolite ciprofloxacin rapidly appeared in plasma and milk. Both enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were below the limit of detection (5 ng/ml) by 48 h after drug administration.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7820262&dopt=Abstract
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