Drugs online research references
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 May;36(5):973-6.
Therapy of experimental murine brucellosis with streptomycin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, doxycycline, and rifampin.
Shasha B, Lang R, Rubinstein E.
Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
Mice infected with Brucella melitensis were treated with streptomycin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and rifampin intraperitoneally and with ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, doxycycline, and rifampin orally for 14 to 21 days. Doxycycline- and rifampin-treated animals (either route) demonstrated a cure rate significantly better than that of controls. Longer therapy periods were associated with a significantly better outcome. Therapy failure was observed in all mice treated with ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin administered orally as well as in mice treated intraperitoneally with ciprofloxacin. Our findings demonstrate that treatment of experimental brucellosis in mice with doxycycline and rifampin yields therapeutic results that are superior to those yielded by treatment with quinolones.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1510422&dopt=Abstract
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Nov;37(11):2333-6.
Therapy of experimental murine brucellosis with streptomycin alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and rifampin.
Lang R, Shasha B, Rubinstein E.
Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
The in vivo efficacy of streptomycin (STR), doxycycline (DOX), rifampin (RIF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and their combinations was evaluated for a Brucella melitensis experimental infection in a mouse model. Animals were infected with 2 x 10(4) to 4 x 10(4) CFU of B. melitensis intraperitoneally on day 0 and were randomized to receive, starting on day 7, STR alone at 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg of body weight per day intraperitoneally or DOX at 6 mg/kg/day orally, RIF at 3 mg/kg/day orally, or CIP at 200 mg/kg/day orally, each of the last three drugs alone or in combination with STR at 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg/day, for 14 days. Therapy failure (defined as nonsterile spleens) was observed in all animals treated with STR at all doses and with CIP given as monotherapy. Mean log CFU isolated from the spleens remaining infected following monotherapy with STR or CIP were not different from those in control mice. RIF at a low dose did not have an effect on cure rates; however, a reduction in CFU relative to the CFU in untreated animals was obtained. DOX at low levels achieved a 35% cure rate and a reduction in CFU in animals not cured. All animals treated with DOX or RIF combined with any STR dose were cured, but none of the animals receiving the STR-CIP combinations was cured, and the splenic CFU remained similar to those in the controls. These results demonstrate that the combinations DOX-STR and RIF-STR are synergistic against B. melitensis, while the combination STR-CIP is indifferent and ineffective in the management of acute murine brucellosis. The results also appear to support the clinical superiority of combination drug therapy over monotherapy.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8285615&dopt=Abstract
Blood. 1991 Oct 1;78(7):1685-91.
Enhanced repopulation of murine hematopoietic organs in sublethally irradiated mice after treatment with ciprofloxacin.
Kletter Y, Riklis I, Shalit I, Fabian I.
Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
We analyzed the effect of ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, and ceftazidime on production of colony-stimulating factors (CSF) by cultured murine spleen cells in the presence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Ciprofloxacin at concentrations of 5 to 10 micrograms/mL in concert with PWM stimulated CSF production by cultured spleen cells. A 3.5-fold increase in the number of CFU-C was observed in the presence of ciprofloxacin-PWM spleen conditioned medium (SCM) as compared with control cultures exposed to PWM-SCM only. Antimurine GM-CSF and antimurine interleukin-3 (IL-3) antibodies inhibited colony formation stimulated by PWM-SCM or ciprofloxacin-PWM-SCM. Fleroxacin and ceftazidime at concentrations of 1 to 100 micrograms/mL and ciprofloxacin at high concentration (greater than 10 micrograms/mL) either did not affect CSF production by spleen cells or had an inhibitory effect. In vivo treatment of sublethally irradiated (650 rad) mice with ciprofloxacin (15 mg/kg per dose three times daily for 5 days) resulted in an increased number of myeloid progenitors in the spleen and bone marrow (BM) of treated mice. In contrast, treatment with ceftazidime did not affect progenitor cell numbers. On days 4 and 8 postirradiation ciprofloxacin-treated mice had a 2.3- and 3.8-fold increase, respectively, in the number of CFU-C in the BM. The number of CFU-C in the spleen did not increase on day 4 postirradiation, but on day 8, the number increased 1.7-fold. On day 4 postirradiation, sublethally irradiated mice treated with ciprofloxacin had a higher WBC count, RBC count, and hemoglobin level as compared with ceftazidime- and saline-treated mice. Twenty-four days postirradiation, 45% of saline-treated mice (20 of 44), and 35% of ceftazidime-treated mice (8 of 23) died, as compared with 13% (5 of 38) of ciprofloxacin-treated mice (P less than .05). These studies indicate that ciprofloxacin may have an immune-enhancing effect on the hematopoietic system in neutropenic mice.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1912558&dopt=Abstract
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